La hipoacusia afecta la comprensión del habla.

Hipoacusia is a medical or technical term for hearing loss or reduced hearing ability.

In everyday Spanish, people may more often say:

• pérdida auditiva
• pérdida de audición

So hipoacusia is correct, but it sounds more clinical or specialized.

Because hipoacusia is a feminine noun in Spanish, so it takes la.

Spanish usually marks nouns for gender, and learners often just have to learn the article together with the noun:

• la hipoacusia
• la comprensión

Yes. Afecta comes from the verb afectar, which is closely related to English to affect.

Here, afecta is:

• 3rd person singular
• present tense

So it means affects.

It is singular because the subject, la hipoacusia, is singular.

In Spanish, afectar can often take a direct object with no preposition:

• afecta la comprensión

That is very normal, especially in formal, academic, or medical Spanish.

You may also hear afectar a in some contexts, especially before people or groups:

• La enfermedad afecta a los niños.

But in this sentence, afecta la comprensión del habla is completely standard.

Comprensión is a feminine noun, so it takes la.

Also, Spanish often uses the definite article with abstract nouns when talking about something in a general sense. So:

• la comprensión del habla = speech comprehension / the understanding of speech

This is very natural Spanish.

Because del is the contraction of:

• de + el = del

So the base phrase is:

• la comprensión del habla
• literally: the comprehension of speech

The interesting part is that habla is a feminine noun, but in the singular it often uses el because it starts with a stressed a/ha sound.

That is the same pattern as:

• el agua
• el alma
• el habla

So:

• de + el habla → del habla

A useful detail: even though it uses el, the noun is still feminine. So adjectives stay feminine:

• el habla clara
• not el habla claro

Here, habla is a noun, not a verb.

You can tell because it is part of the noun phrase:

• del habla

In this sentence, habla means:

• speech
• spoken language

As a verb, habla can mean:

• he/she speaks
• you speak (formal singular)

So context is what tells you which meaning it has.

A simple approximation is:

ee-po-ah-KOO-syah

A few helpful points:

• h is silent
• c before i sounds like s in Latin American Spanish
• the stress falls on cu

So:

• hi-po-a-CU-sia

And comprensión is pronounced roughly:

kom-pren-SYON

with the stress on the last syllable because of the written accent:

• com-pren-sión

Yes. A more everyday version might be:

• La pérdida auditiva afecta la comprensión del habla.
• La pérdida de audición afecta la comprensión del habla.

These may sound less technical than hipoacusia.

The original sentence is still correct; it just sounds more like something from a medical, audiology, or clinical context.