Stomatolog leči zub s obzirom na upalu korena zuba.

Stomatolog means dentist. It is a more formal or professional word.

A very common everyday word is zubar, which also means dentist. So:

• stomatolog = formal/professional
• zubar = everyday/common

In many contexts, they can refer to the same person.

Leči is the 3rd person singular present tense of the verb lečiti or lečiti/lečiti se depending on context.

Here it means:

• on/ona leči = he/she treats
• stomatolog leči = the dentist treats

So the sentence is in the present tense.

Also, Serbian present tense is often used where English might say is treating or simply treats, depending on context.

Because zub is the direct object of the verb leči, so it should be in the accusative case.

For masculine singular inanimate nouns in Serbian, the accusative is usually the same as the nominative.

So:

• nominative: zub
• accusative: zub

That is why the form does not change.

Compare this with a masculine animate noun, where accusative usually matches genitive instead.

S obzirom na is a fixed expression meaning something like:

• considering
• in view of
• given
• with regard to

In this sentence, it introduces the reason or circumstance the dentist is taking into account.

It is best learned as a whole chunk:

• s obzirom na + accusative

Word-for-word, it is not something English speakers usually translate literally in a useful way. It is much better to memorize it as one expression.

Because s obzirom na requires the accusative case, and upala is a feminine noun.

Its forms are:

• nominative: upala
• accusative: upalu

So:

• upala = inflammation as the subject/basic dictionary form
• na upalu = considering the inflammation

That is why you see upalu here.

Both korena and zuba are in the genitive singular.

This is a noun chain:

• upala = inflammation
• korena = of the root
• zuba = of the tooth

So upala korena zuba means:

• inflammation of the root of the tooth

This kind of layered of ... of ... structure is very common in Serbian.

Breakdown:

• koren = root
• genitive singular: korena
• zub = tooth
• genitive singular: zuba

Because the sentence is saying two slightly different things:

• the dentist treats the tooth → zub
• the inflammation is in the root of the tooth → korena zuba

So the second zuba belongs specifically to the phrase koren zuba = root of the tooth.

Serbian often repeats nouns in this way when they belong to different grammatical relationships. It may feel repetitive to an English speaker, but it is normal.

It is understandable, but it sounds somewhat formal and a little unusual in everyday speech.

A Serbian speaker might more naturally say something like:

• Stomatolog leči zub zbog upale korena zuba.
• Stomatolog leči zub zbog upale korena.

Why? Because zbog very directly expresses because of / due to, which fits this idea naturally.

By contrast, s obzirom na often sounds more like considering / in view of, and it is a bit more formal or administrative in tone.

So the original sentence is grammatically possible, but not the most everyday phrasing.

This is an important verb-pair distinction in Serbian.

• lečiti = to treat, to be treating
• izlečiti = to cure, to heal completely

So:

• Stomatolog leči zub = The dentist is treating the tooth
• Stomatolog je izlečio zub = The dentist cured/fixed the tooth

In other words:

• lečiti focuses on the process
• izlečiti focuses on the successful result

This is related to aspect, which is a major feature of Serbian verbs.

Yes. Serbian word order is fairly flexible, although not completely free.

The neutral order here is:

• Stomatolog leči zub s obzirom na upalu korena zuba.

But depending on emphasis, you might hear different arrangements. For example:

• S obzirom na upalu korena zuba, stomatolog leči zub.

This puts more focus on the condition/circumstance first.

Even so, the most natural order depends on context, tone, and what the speaker wants to emphasize.

In this fixed expression, s obzirom na is the standard form.

You may already know that s/sa both mean with, and that sa is often used to make pronunciation easier before certain consonant clusters. But in this case, s obzirom na is simply the established expression you should memorize as a whole.

So the safest learner approach is:

• learn s obzirom na as one chunk
• do not try to rebuild it from scratch every time

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• stomatolog: stress patterns vary by region, but the consonants are straightforward
• leči: č sounds like ch in church
• s obzirom: z is a normal z sound; the cluster may feel fast to English speakers
• zuba: zoo-ba
• upalu: oo-PA-loo approximately
• korena: ko-RE-na

The special letter here is mainly:

• č = like ch in church

So leči sounds roughly like LEH-chee.

No. Here zub is clearly singular: tooth.

If it were plural, you would expect zube in the accusative plural:

• Stomatolog leči zube = The dentist treats teeth

So in your sentence, the dentist is treating one tooth.

Often yes, depending on context, but grammatically the Serbian phrase literally means:

• inflammation of the root of the tooth

In real-life medical or dental English, someone might say:

• root inflammation
• an inflamed tooth root
• a root infection

But upala literally means inflammation, not automatically infection in every context. So if you want to stay close to the Serbian wording, inflammation is the safest choice.