S obzirom na zubobolju, stomatolog će pregledati zub.

S obzirom na is a set phrase meaning considering, in view of, given, or with regard to, depending on context.

In this sentence, it introduces the reason or circumstance:

• S obzirom na zubobolju = Considering the toothache / Given the toothache

It is very commonly used in both formal and neutral Serbian.

Because s obzirom na is followed by the accusative case, and zubobolja changes in the accusative singular:

• nominative: zubobolja
• accusative: zubobolju

So:

• S obzirom na zubobolju = Considering the toothache

This is one of the main things learners need to notice: the phrase s obzirom na requires the noun after it to be in the accusative.

Here is the breakdown:

• zubobolju — accusative singular
  Used after s obzirom na

• stomatolog — nominative singular
  It is the subject of the sentence: the dentist

• zub — accusative singular
  It is the direct object of pregledati: to examine the tooth

A useful detail: for many masculine inanimate nouns, nominative and accusative singular look the same, so:

• zub = nominative
• zub = accusative

This is the future tense in Serbian.

It is formed with:

• a present-tense form of hteti used as a clitic: ću, ćeš, će, ćemo, ćete, će
• plus the infinitive

So:

• će pregledati = will examine

In this sentence:

• stomatolog će pregledati zub = the dentist will examine the tooth

The clitic će usually comes in the second position of its clause, which is why it appears after stomatolog.

Because će is a clitic, and Serbian clitics usually go in the second position in the clause.

So the normal order is:

• Stomatolog će pregledati zub.

Not normally:

• Će stomatolog pregledati zub.

Serbian word order is flexible, but clitics still follow their own placement rules. That is why learners often feel that the future tense is not placed exactly like will in English.

Both can mean dentist, but there is a nuance:

• stomatolog — more formal, more technical
• zubar — more everyday, conversational

So both of these are possible:

• Stomatolog će pregledati zub.
• Zubar će pregledati zub.

The first sounds a bit more formal or professional.

Pregledati is a perfective verb. It suggests a completed action: to examine, to look over fully.

Its imperfective partner is usually:

• pregledavati = to be examining / to examine habitually or repeatedly

In this sentence, the perfective form fits well because it refers to one complete future action:

• stomatolog će pregledati zub = the dentist will examine the tooth

If you used the imperfective, the focus would be different and less natural here in many contexts.

Serbian often leaves things more general than English does, especially because there are no articles (a/the).

So:

• pregledati zub can mean examine a tooth or examine the tooth, depending on context.

If you wanted to be more specific, you could say:

• pregledati taj zub = examine that tooth
• pregledati bolni zub = examine the aching tooth / painful tooth

The original sentence is completely normal as it stands.

Yes, and in many everyday situations it may sound more natural.

Compare:

• S obzirom na zubobolju, stomatolog će pregledati zub.
  = Considering the toothache...
  Slightly more formal or analytical

• Zbog zubobolje, stomatolog će pregledati zub.
  = Because of the toothache...
  More direct and often more natural in speech

So both are possible, but s obzirom na has a slightly more formal or written tone.

Yes, the comma is natural here because S obzirom na zubobolju is an introductory prepositional phrase placed at the beginning of the sentence.

So:

• S obzirom na zubobolju, stomatolog će pregledati zub.

If the phrase comes later, the punctuation may change:

• Stomatolog će, s obzirom na zubobolju, pregledati zub.

The comma helps separate the introductory element from the main clause.

Yes. Serbian word order is fairly flexible, though some versions sound more natural than others.

Possible variants:

• S obzirom na zubobolju, stomatolog će pregledati zub.
• Stomatolog će pregledati zub s obzirom na zubobolju.
• Stomatolog će, s obzirom na zubobolju, pregledati zub.

The first version is probably the clearest if you want to emphasize the circumstance first.

Just remember that the clitic će still needs proper placement.

A learner may notice that s looks unusual here.

• s here means with, but in this fixed expression you should just learn the whole phrase s obzirom na as one unit.
• In actual speech, the s may sound close to z before a voiced consonant, but the spelling stays s.

Also:

• lj in zubobolju is pronounced like a soft ly sound
• ć in će is a soft sound, somewhat like the t in British tune for some speakers, though not exactly

For beginners, the most important thing is to recognize s obzirom na as a fixed expression rather than trying to translate each part literally.

Yes, in standard usage s obzirom na is followed by the accusative.

Examples:

• S obzirom na vreme... = Considering the weather...
• S obzirom na okolnosti... = Given the circumstances...
• S obzirom na zubobolju... = Considering the toothache...

So it is useful to memorize it as a chunk:

• s obzirom na + accusative