Dok god nema magle, možemo da siđemo.

Dok god means as long as.

It introduces a condition that remains true for some period of time:

• Dok god nema magle, možemo da siđemo. = As long as there is no fog, we can go down.

A close alternative is sve dok. In many contexts, dok god and sve dok are very similar.

In Serbian, existence and absence are often expressed with ima/nema:

• ima magle = there is fog
• nema magle = there is no fog

So nema magle is the natural way to say there is no fog.

Nije magla would mean it is not fog, which is a different idea. That would only make sense if you were identifying something and denying that it is fog.

Because nema normally requires the genitive case.

The noun magla is nominative singular, but after nema it changes to genitive singular:

• nominative: magla
• genitive: magle

So:

• Ima magla ❌
• Ima magle ✅
• Nema magla ❌
• Nema magle ✅

This is a very common Serbian pattern:

• ima vremena = there is time
• nema problema = there is no problem
• nema vode = there is no water

Literally, it is something like we can that we-go-down, but in natural English it means we can go down.

The structure is:

• možemo = we can
• da siđemo = subordinate verb phrase, here meaning go down / descend

So the whole phrase means:

• možemo da siđemo = we can go down

This is a very common Serbian structure after modal verbs like moći.

After many verbs in Serbian, especially modal verbs like moći, Serbian often uses da + present tense where English uses an infinitive.

Compare:

• English: We can go down
• Serbian: Možemo da siđemo

So da is not translated word-for-word here. It is part of a normal Serbian grammatical pattern.

Because after da, Serbian often uses a present-tense form to express an action that is possible, intended, or future relative to the main verb.

So although siđemo looks like a present form, in možemo da siđemo it functions more like English go down.

Also, siđemo comes from the perfective verb sići, so it suggests a single completed action of descending, not an ongoing process.

This is about aspect.

• sići / siđemo = perfective, one completed descent
• silaziti / silazimo = imperfective, ongoing or repeated descending

In this sentence, the idea is that we can descend / go down as a whole action, so the perfective verb sići is natural:

• možemo da siđemo = we can go down / descend

If you used silazimo, it would sound more like an ongoing activity: we are going down or we go down repeatedly, depending on context.

Yes. Both are possible.

• možemo da siđemo
• možemo sići

Both mean we can go down.

In modern Serbian, moći + da + present is extremely common in everyday speech.
The infinitive after moći is also correct, and some speakers or styles may prefer it more often.

So for a learner, možemo da siđemo is completely natural and very useful.

It can mean either, depending on context.

• ability/possibility: we can / are able to
• permission: we may / are allowed to

In this sentence, because of the weather condition dok god nema magle, it most naturally means it is possible/safe for us to go down.

So the sense is probably closer to:

• As long as there is no fog, we can go down.

rather than strictly we have permission.

Sići basically means to go down, to come down, or to descend, depending on context.

Possible translations include:

• go down
• come down
• descend
• sometimes get off or step down, in other contexts

For example:

• Sišli smo sa planine. = We came down from the mountain.
• Siđi dole. = Come/go down.

So in your sentence, siđemo most likely means go down or descend.

Sometimes yes, but not always with exactly the same feel.

• dok god nema magle = as long as there is no fog
• dok nema magle can also mean while/as long as there is no fog

Adding god makes the condition more explicit and emphatic. It strongly highlights the idea for as long as this remains true.

So dok god is a very natural choice here.

Not completely. Serbian word order is fairly flexible.

You can say:

• Dok god nema magle, možemo da siđemo.

You could also say:

• Možemo da siđemo dok god nema magle.

Both are correct. The version with dok god nema magle first puts the condition up front, which is very natural.

Siđemo is pronounced approximately like SEE-jemo, but that is only a rough guide.

The letter đ is a soft sound, somewhat similar to the j in duke in some English pronunciations, or a soft dj sound. It is not the same as hard English j in jam.

So:

• siđemo ≈ syee-djemo / see-dyemo as a rough learner approximation

The exact Serbian sound is softer and more palatal than normal English j.