Ovo je moj dom.

Because ovo is the normal Serbian way to say this is ... when you are identifying something.

In this kind of sentence, ovo works like this as a standalone word:

• Ovo je moj dom. = This is my home.

By contrast, ovaj is usually used directly before a masculine noun:

• ovaj dom = this home
• ovaj čovek = this man

So:

• Ovo je moj dom. = This is my home.
• Ovaj dom je moj. = This home is mine.

That is the key difference.

Ovo means this.

More specifically, it is the neuter singular form of the demonstrative ovaj / ova / ovo.

But in sentences like Ovo je ..., Serbian commonly uses ovo as a general pointing word:

• Ovo je moja sestra. = This is my sister.
• Ovo je naš auto. = This is our car.
• Ovo je moj dom. = This is my home.

So even if the noun that follows is masculine or feminine, ovo can still be used in this pattern.

Je is the 3rd person singular present tense of biti, the verb to be.

So:

• ja sam = I am
• ti si = you are
• on/ona/ono je = he/she/it is

In Ovo je moj dom., je means is:

• Ovo je ... = This is ...

Because moj has to agree with dom.

The noun dom is:

• masculine
• singular
• here in the nominative case

So the possessive adjective must also be masculine singular nominative:

• moj dom = my home
• moja kuća = my house/home
• moje selo = my village

Compare:

• moj brat = my brother
• moja sestra = my sister
• moje dete = my child

Dom is in the nominative singular because it is the predicate noun after je in a basic identification sentence.

In Serbian dictionary form, the noun is:

• dom = home

And in this sentence it stays:

• Ovo je moj dom.

There is no case ending change here because nominative is the normal form for this structure.

No. Serbian does not have articles like English a/an and the.

So:

• dom can mean a home, the home, or just home, depending on context.
• moj dom naturally means my home.

That is why Ovo je moj dom. does not need any extra word for the.

This is a very common question.

• dom = home in the emotional or personal sense; the place where you belong
• kuća = house, the physical building

So:

• Ovo je moja kuća. = This is my house.
• Ovo je moj dom. = This is my home.

Sometimes dom can also mean an institution or residence in certain contexts, such as:

• studentski dom = student dormitory
• dom za stare = nursing home / home for the elderly

But in your sentence, it clearly means home.

Yes, Serbian word order is more flexible than English, but the basic sentence:

• Ovo je moj dom.

is the most natural neutral order.

You may also hear:

• Ovo je dom moj. — possible, but not the usual everyday phrasing here
• Moj dom je ovo. — marked, contrastive, something like This is my home
• Dom je moj. — strongly emphatic or poetic

For a beginner, the safest version is:

• Ovo je moj dom.

Very often, yes. Je is a clitic, which means it tends to appear in the second position of the sentence or clause.

That is why:

• Ovo je moj dom.

sounds natural.

You will notice this with other short forms too:

• On je ovde. = He is here.
• To je dobro. = That is good.

This second-position behavior is an important feature of Serbian, though beginners do not need to master every detail immediately.

A simple pronunciation guide is:

• Ovo ≈ OH-vo
• je ≈ yeh
• moj ≈ moy
• dom ≈ dohm

So the whole sentence sounds roughly like:

OH-vo yeh moy dohm

A few useful notes:

• j in Serbian is pronounced like English y in yes
• o is usually a clear pure o, not a diphthong
• dom has a short, clean o

Only in certain contexts.

• Moj dom. by itself means My home.
• It is not a full neutral sentence in the same way as Ovo je moj dom.

If you are answering a question, pointing, labeling a picture, or speaking in fragments, Moj dom. can work.

But if you want the full sentence This is my home, you should say:

• Ovo je moj dom.

Yes. In Serbian, ovo je ... is very common when introducing or identifying people.

For example:

• Ovo je Ana. = This is Ana.
• Ovo je moj brat. = This is my brother.
• Ovo je moja profesorka. = This is my teacher.

So even though ovo is grammatically the neuter form, it is regularly used in this introductory this is ... structure for people as well as things.

You would usually say:

• To je moj dom.

Here:

• ovo = this
• to = that / it

So:

• Ovo je moj dom. = This is my home.
• To je moj dom. = That is my home.

The exact nuance depends on context, distance, and what has already been mentioned.