По выходным мы играем в футбол на стадионе.

По выходным is a very common Russian way to say on weekends / at weekends in the sense of a repeated habit.

• по here means something like on / during / every
• выходным is the dative plural form of выходные (the weekend days)

So literally, it is close to on weekend-days or during weekends.

This pattern is common in Russian for repeated times:

• по утрам = in the mornings
• по вечерам = in the evenings
• по понедельникам = on Mondays
• по выходным = on weekends

Because weekends are understood as a recurring set of days, not a single moment.

The base word here is выходные:

• singular adjective: выходной = day off / free day
• plural: выходные = the weekend / days off

In the phrase по выходным, Russian uses the plural because it refers to weekends in general, as a repeated time frame.

In Russian, the present tense is normally used for habitual actions, just like in English:

• Мы играем = We play / We are playing, depending on context

In this sentence, по выходным makes it clear that the meaning is habitual:

• По выходным мы играем в футбол = We play football on weekends

So играем does not mean only right now. It can also mean we regularly play.

In Russian, when you talk about playing a game or sport, you normally use:

играть в + accusative

So:

• играть в футбол = to play football
• играть в теннис = to play tennis
• играть в шахматы = to play chess

The preposition в is required with games and sports in this pattern.

It is in the accusative case because играть в takes the accusative when talking about games or sports.

Here, футбол looks the same in nominative and accusative because it is an inanimate masculine noun:

• nominative: футбол
• accusative: футбол

So the form does not change, but the case function is still accusative.

Russian often uses different prepositions from English for places.

With стадион, the normal expression is:

на стадионе = at the stadium / in the stadium

Russian treats some locations as spaces or venues where activities happen, and на is the natural choice for many of them.

Compare:

• на стадионе = at the stadium
• на концерте = at the concert
• на работе = at work

So even though English often says in the stadium, Russian normally says на стадионе.

Стадионе is the prepositional case singular of стадион.

The preposition на can take different cases, but here it answers the question where?, so it uses the prepositional:

• стадион = nominative
• на стадионе = on/at the stadium

If motion were involved, Russian might use a different case:

• идти на стадион = to go to the stadium

So:

• where? → на стадионе
• to where? → на стадион

Yes, very often.

Russian verb endings usually show who is doing the action, and играем already tells you it means we play.

So both are possible:

• По выходным мы играем в футбол на стадионе.
• По выходным играем в футбол на стадионе.

Including мы can:

• add emphasis
• make the subject clearer
• sound more natural in some contexts

But it is not always necessary.

Yes. Russian word order is much more flexible than English word order, although different orders can sound more natural depending on emphasis.

These are all possible:

• По выходным мы играем в футбол на стадионе.
• Мы по выходным играем в футбол на стадионе.
• В футбол мы играем по выходным на стадионе.

The original sentence is a very natural neutral order.

Very roughly:

• putting По выходным first highlights the time frame
• putting мы first highlights the subject
• putting на стадионе later leaves the location as additional information

Yes, and you will hear that very often in modern spoken Russian.

• по выходным = on weekends, regularly / as a habit
• на выходных = on the weekend / over the weekend

In everyday speech, на выходных is extremely common. However, по выходным is especially good when you mean a repeated habit:

• По выходным мы играем в футбол = We play football on weekends
• На выходных мы играли в футбол = We played football over the weekend

So for this sentence, по выходным is a very natural choice.

Russian has no articles like a or the.

So Russian simply says:

• в футбол = football
• на стадионе = at/in the stadium

Whether English should translate this as a stadium, the stadium, or just stadium depends on context. Russian leaves that information to context rather than using articles.

A helpful stress guide is:

По выходны́м мы игра́ем в футбо́л на стадио́не.

Key stresses:

• выходны́м
• игра́ем
• футбо́л
• стадио́не

A rough pronunciation guide:

• По выходны́м ≈ pa vy-khad-NYM
• мы игра́ем ≈ my ig-RA-yem
• в футбо́л ≈ f foot-BOL
• на стадио́не ≈ na sta-dee-O-ne

The unstressed о often sounds closer to a in actual speech, which is why по may sound more like pa.