Questions & Answers about Под фото есть подпись.
Because есть here does not just mean the missing present-tense is. It has an existential meaning: there is / there exists.
So:
Под фото есть подпись. = There is a caption under the photo.
Compare:
- Это подпись. = This is a caption.
Here Russian does not use есть. - Под фото есть подпись. = There is a caption under the photo.
Here есть is natural because you are stating that something exists in that place.
In everyday Russian, есть is often omitted in some contexts, but in this sentence it sounds normal and clear.