Тот, кто лжёт слишком уверенно, обычно вызывает ещё больше подозрений.

Тот, кто is a very common Russian pattern meaning the one who, whoever, or the person who, depending on context.

• тот = that one / the one
• кто = who

So literally, Тот, кто лжёт... is something like The one who lies...

Russian often uses this paired structure where English might just say whoever or someone who.
Here, тот introduces a general type of person, and кто starts the descriptive clause about that person.

Russian uses commas to separate subordinate clauses very consistently.

In this sentence:

Тот, кто лжёт слишком уверенно, обычно вызывает ещё больше подозрений.

the part кто лжёт слишком уверенно is a subordinate clause modifying тот.

So the structure is:

• Тот = main clause element
• кто лжёт слишком уверенно = subordinate clause
• обычно вызывает ещё больше подозрений = main clause continues

That is why the subordinate clause is set off with commas on both sides.

A rough structural gloss:

• The one, who lies too confidently, usually causes even more suspicion.

English often would not use commas here, but Russian does.

Because тот, кто is the standard pattern for the one who / whoever.

• кто refers to a person in a broad, general way.
• который usually means which / who / that in a more specific relative-clause sense.

So:

• Тот, кто лжёт... = The one who lies... / Whoever lies...

Using который here would sound unnatural.

Compare:

• человек, который лжёт = the person who lies
• тот, кто лжёт = the one who lies

Both are possible in different structures, but this sentence specifically uses the very common pairing тот, кто.

Yes. лжёт comes from the verb лгать = to lie (tell lies), and its conjugation is somewhat irregular-looking for learners.

Key forms:

• лгать = to lie
• я лгу = I lie
• ты лжёшь = you lie
• он / она лжёт = he / she lies
• они лгут = they lie

So лжёт means lies.

This verb is worth memorizing because the stem changes:

• infinitive: лг- / лгать
• present: often лж- in some forms

Also note the meaning: this is to tell lies, not to lie down.

Both spellings may be seen, but лжёт is the fully marked spelling, with ё showing both pronunciation and stress.

• лжёт is pronounced roughly lzhyot
• the stress is on ё

In everyday Russian writing, ё is often replaced by е, so you may also see лжет, but the intended pronunciation is still лжёт.

For learners, it is very helpful to keep ё when studying.

Because this word is modifying the verb лжёт.

The sentence is describing how the person lies:

• лжёт как? = lies how?
• уверенно = confidently

So уверенно is an adverb.

Compare:

• уверенный человек = a confident person → adjective
• он уверен = he is sure / confident → short-form predicate adjective
• он говорит уверенно = he speaks confidently → adverb

Here we need the adverb, because it describes the manner of lying.

Слишком means too or overly.

So:

• слишком уверенно = too confidently

It suggests excess: the person sounds so confident that it becomes suspicious rather than convincing.

This is different from:

• очень уверенно = very confidently

очень just means very, while слишком implies more than is appropriate.

Because the grammatical subject is singular: тот.

Even though the sentence contains кто, the overall subject is still understood as тот = the one / that person.

So the verb agrees in singular:

• Тот ... вызывает = That one / the one ... causes

If the sentence were plural, the verb would also be plural. For example:

• Те, кто лгут слишком уверенно, обычно вызывают...
• Those who lie too confidently usually cause...

Ещё больше means even more.

• больше = more
• ещё больше = still more / even more

So the idea is not just that the person causes suspicion, but that they cause an increased amount of it.

Examples:

• больше проблем = more problems
• ещё больше проблем = even more problems

Here:

• ещё больше подозрений = even more suspicion / even more suspicions

Because after expressions like больше (more), Russian commonly uses the genitive.

So:

• подозрение = singular nominative
• подозрения = plural nominative/accusative
• подозрений = plural genitive

In this sentence:

• ещё больше подозрений = even more suspicion(s)

This is a very common pattern:

• много людей = many people
• мало времени = little time
• больше денег = more money
• меньше ошибок = fewer mistakes

So подозрений is plural genitive because it follows больше.

It is genitive plural of подозрение.

Full breakdown:

• singular nominative: подозрение
• plural nominative: подозрения
• plural genitive: подозрений

The sentence uses genitive plural because the noun follows the quantity/comparative word больше.

This is one of the most useful Russian patterns to learn early: after words meaning many, few, more, less, nouns are often in the genitive.

It can be understood either way in translation, depending on what sounds natural in English.

Russian says:

• ещё больше подозрений

Literally, that is even more suspicions, but idiomatic English may prefer:

• even more suspicion

So the Russian plural does not always force an English plural. The important point is that the amount of suspicion increases.

Вызывает comes from вызывать, which is imperfective.

Imperfective is used here because the sentence states a general truth / usual result:

• someone who lies too confidently usually causes more suspicion

This is not about one completed event. It is a habitual or characteristic effect, so imperfective is the natural choice.

A perfective verb would suggest a completed, one-time result, which would not fit the general statement as well.

Yes. Лгать is imperfective, and лжёт is its present-tense form.

That fits because the sentence describes a general type of behavior, not one completed lie:

• кто лжёт слишком уверенно = who lies too confidently

It means someone who has the habit/behavior of lying in that way or someone who lies that way in a given situation.

Russian often uses the imperfective in general statements like this.

Yes, Russian word order is flexible, though the original order sounds natural and neutral.

Original:

• Тот, кто лжёт слишком уверенно, обычно вызывает ещё больше подозрений.

Possible variations:

• Обычно тот, кто лжёт слишком уверенно, вызывает ещё больше подозрений.
• Тот, кто слишком уверенно лжёт, обычно вызывает ещё больше подозрений.

These are all understandable, but they may slightly shift emphasis.

For example:

• слишком уверенно лжёт puts the adverb phrase closer to the verb
• starting with Обычно emphasizes the general tendency first

The original version is a very standard, balanced way to say it.

Only a small difference in emphasis.

• лжёт слишком уверенно sounds very natural and neutral
• слишком уверенно лжёт slightly foregrounds too confidently

Russian allows both, and both are correct. The original version probably sounds a little more fluid in everyday neutral style.

A rough breakdown is:

• Тот = that one / the one
• кто = who
• лжёт = lies
• слишком = too
• уверенно = confidently
• обычно = usually
• вызывает = causes / provokes
• ещё больше = even more
• подозрений = suspicions / suspicion (genitive plural)

So very literally:

The one who lies too confidently usually causes even more suspicion.

That is not always the most elegant English version, but it mirrors the Russian structure well.