Высокая башня видна из окна.

Because it agrees with башня, which is feminine singular nominative.

• высокий = the dictionary form of tall/high
• высокая = feminine singular nominative form

Since башня is feminine, the adjective has to match it:

• высокий дом = a tall house
• высокая башня = a tall tower
• высокое здание = a tall building

Russian adjectives change form to match the noun’s gender, number, and case.

In Russian, nouns have grammatical gender. Башня is a feminine noun.

A common clue is that many feminine nouns end in -а or -я, and башня ends in -я. That is why words agreeing with it, like adjectives or short-form adjectives, also appear in feminine forms:

• высокая башня
• башня видна

So the feminine agreement is grammatical, not based on any real-world sex.

Видна is not a normal finite verb here. It is the short form of the adjective видимый / видный in the sense of visible / can be seen.

In this sentence, видна means is visible or can be seen.

It agrees with башня, so it is feminine singular:

• masculine: виден
• feminine: видна
• neuter: видно
• plural: видны

Examples:

• Дом виден. = The house is visible.
• Башня видна. = The tower is visible.
• Озеро видно. = The lake is visible.
• Горы видны. = The mountains are visible.

In Russian, the verb to be is usually omitted in the present tense.

So:

• Высокая башня видна из окна.

literally works like:

• Tall tower visible from window.

But in natural English, you translate it as:

• The tall tower is visible from the window.

This is completely normal in Russian. In the past or future, forms of быть do appear:

• Башня была видна. = The tower was visible.
• Башня будет видна. = The tower will be visible.

Because the preposition из requires the genitive case.

The noun окно is nominative singular in its dictionary form. After из, it changes to genitive singular:

• nominative: окно
• genitive: окна

So:

• из окна = from the window / out of the window

This is a very common pattern:

• из дома = from the house
• из города = from the city
• из школы = from school

Here it means something like from the window, out of the window, or more naturally in English, from the window in the sense of as seen from the window.

So the sentence means that if you are at the window, you can see the tall tower.

Depending on context, English might say:

• The tall tower is visible from the window.
• You can see the tall tower from the window.
• The tall tower can be seen out of the window.

Russian uses из окна quite naturally for this idea.

Yes. Russian word order is flexible, and changing it often changes emphasis, not basic meaning.

For example:

• Высокая башня видна из окна.
• Из окна видна высокая башня.

Both can mean essentially the same thing, but the focus is slightly different.

• Высокая башня видна из окна starts with the tower, so it feels like the sentence is about the tall tower.
• Из окна видна высокая башня starts with from the window, so it highlights the viewpoint or setting first.

Russian often uses word order to manage topic and focus more than English does.

Because it agrees with башня, the thing being described as visible.

The structure is basically:

• Высокая башня = subject
• видна = visible
• из окна = from the window

Since башня is feminine singular, the short-form adjective must also be feminine singular:

• Башня видна not
• Башня виден not
• Башня видно

Agreement is important in Russian, especially with adjectives and short-form predicate forms like this.

Yes, and that is very useful to know.

There are two common ways to express this idea:

1. Высокая башня видна из окна.
2. Высокую башню видно из окна.

They are very similar in meaning, but the grammar is different.

1) Высокая башня видна из окна

This uses видна, a short-form adjective agreeing with the subject башня in the nominative.

• башня = nominative subject
• видна = is visible

2) Высокую башню видно из окна

This uses видно in an impersonal construction.

• башню = accusative object
• видно = it is possible to see / one can see

This version often feels a bit closer to:

• The tall tower can be seen from the window or
• You can see the tall tower from the window

Both are correct and common.

The normal stress is:

• Высо́кая ба́шня видна́ из окна́.

Word by word:

• высо́кая
• ба́шня
• видна́
• из
• окна́

Stress matters in Russian pronunciation, so it is worth learning words together with their stress patterns.

Russian has no articles like English a/an and the.

So высокая башня could mean:

• a tall tower
• the tall tower

The exact meaning depends on context.

In this sentence, English will usually choose the if the tower is already known or specific:

• The tall tower is visible from the window.

But Russian itself does not mark that distinction with an article.