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Questions & Answers about Вода слишком холодная.
Why is вода used without an article?
Russian has no articles (no words equivalent to “the” or “a”). You simply say вода to mean “water” or “the water” depending on context.
Why is вода in the nominative case?
Because вода is the subject of the sentence. In Russian, subjects appear in the nominative case.
Why isn’t there a verb like есть or “is”?
In the present tense, the copular verb быть (“to be”) is normally omitted. So instead of saying Вода есть слишком холодная, you simply say Вода слишком холодная.
Why is the adjective холодная in the feminine singular?
Adjectives in Russian agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. Вода is feminine, singular, nominative, so the adjective takes the ending -ая to become холодная.
What part of speech is слишком, and what does it mean?
Слишком is an indeclinable adverb meaning “too” in the sense of “excessively” (i.e. more than desired).