Завтра я прибуду в Москву.

Breakdown of Завтра я прибуду в Москву.

я
I
в
to
завтра
tomorrow
Москва
Moscow
прибыть
to arrive
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Questions & Answers about Завтра я прибуду в Москву.

What is the aspect and tense of прибуду, and how does Russian express “will arrive” differently than English?
прибуду is the 1st person singular future tense of the perfective verb прибыть (“to arrive”). Because прибыть is perfective, Russian forms the future with a single word (прибуду), whereas English uses an auxiliary (“will arrive”). If you used the imperfective прибывать, you’d need a compound future: я буду прибывать (“I will be arriving/arrive habitually”).
Can I use приехать instead of прибыть? What’s the difference between them?

Both mean “to arrive,” but
прибыть is more formal—common in official notices or timetables.
приехать is everyday speech for arriving by ground transport (car, train, bus).
You also have прилететь for planes and приходить (imperfective) if you describe the process of arriving on foot.

Why is в Москву in the accusative case, not the prepositional?
Russian uses the accusative after в when indicating motion toward somewhere. Москва is feminine, so its accusative form is Москву. The prepositional (в Москве) would mean location (“in Moscow”), not movement.
What’s the difference between в Москву and в Москве?

в Москву (accusative) = “to Moscow” (movement into).
в Москве (prepositional) = “in Moscow” (being located there).
So you прибуду в Москву (“I will arrive in Moscow”), but я буду в Москве (“I will be in Moscow”).

Why isn’t there an article before Москва?
Russian has no articles (no “the” or “a”). You simply say в Москву for “to Moscow,” with no extra word.
Can I omit the pronoun я and say Завтра прибуду в Москву?
Yes. Russian often drops subject pronouns because verb endings show person and number. Завтра прибуду в Москву is fully natural and even more concise.
Is the word order Завтра я прибуду в Москву fixed? Could I rearrange it?

Word order in Russian is flexible and can highlight different parts:
Я завтра прибуду в Москву (slightly stresses “I”).
Я прибуду завтра в Москву (focuses on “tomorrow”).
В Москву я прибуду завтра (emphasizes “to Moscow”).
Choose the order based on which element you want to highlight.

Where does the stress fall in прибуду, and does it move in other forms?
The stress in прибуду is on the second syllable: прибу́ду. In other perfective forms the stress stays on бу́, e.g. он прибу́дет (“he will arrive”), я прибу́л/прибу́ла (“I arrived”).