Наложение границ обнаружили на схеме расположения.

This is a very common Russian pattern: past tense plural with no stated subject can mean someone/they found it, where the exact people are not important.

So обнаружили literally means they discovered/found, but in English we often translate this more naturally as a passive:

• They discovered an overlap of boundaries...
• An overlap of boundaries was discovered...

This is called an indefinite-personal use. It is especially common in reports, official writing, and technical language.

Here наложение is the direct object of обнаружили, so syntactically it is in the accusative case.

However, because наложение is:

• neuter
• singular
• inanimate

its accusative form is the same as its nominative form.

So the form stays наложение.

Dictionary form: наложение

Границ is the genitive plural of граница.

It depends on наложение:

• наложение чего? — границ

This is a common pattern with verbal nouns in Russian. A noun like наложение often takes a noun in the genitive to show what is being imposed, overlaid, or overlapped.

So:

• наложение границ = overlap / superimposition of boundaries

Why plural? Because the basic noun is граница and here the meaning involves boundaries in general or more than one boundary, so Russian uses genitive plural: границ.

This phrase has two parts:

• на схеме — on the diagram / on the plan
• расположения — of placement / of location / of layout

More specifically:

• на
  • prepositional case gives location
• схеме is the prepositional singular of схема
• расположения is the genitive singular of расположение

So схема расположения means:

• a placement diagram
• a layout plan
• a location scheme/plan

Literally, it is diagram of placement/location.

Russian word order is much freer than English word order. Starting with Наложение границ puts that idea first as the main topic or focus.

A more neutral order would be:

• На схеме расположения обнаружили наложение границ.
• Обнаружили наложение границ на схеме расположения.

But the original order is perfectly possible, especially in formal or technical language. It can make the discovered problem sound more prominent.

The verb обнаружить is perfective. It presents the action as a completed result: the overlap was found.

That fits this sentence well, because the point is the result of the inspection, not the ongoing process.

Compare:

• обнаружили — they found / they discovered (completed event)
• обнаруживали — they were finding / used to find (process or repeated action)

In a technical report, обнаружили is the natural choice.

Grammatically, it is active:

• обнаружили = they discovered

But functionally, it often corresponds to an English passive:

• An overlap of boundaries was discovered on the layout plan.

Russian often prefers this active-plural-without-subject structure where English would use passive.

So you can think of it as:

• Russian form: active, subject omitted
• English translation: often passive

Here are the base forms:

• наложение — noun, neuter
• граница — noun, feminine
• обнаружить — verb, perfective
• схема — noun, feminine
• расположение — noun, neuter

And the forms used in the sentence are:

• наложение — accusative singular
• границ — genitive plural
• обнаружили — past tense, plural
• схеме — prepositional singular
• расположения — genitive singular

This kind of case chaining is very typical of formal Russian.