Смежный участок находится рядом.

Смежный usually means adjacent, adjoining, or contiguous—something that directly borders something else.

So смежный участок is most naturally an adjoining plot / an adjacent parcel of land.

By contrast, соседний is broader and often just means neighboring or next-door. A соседний участок might be nearby, but смежный участок strongly suggests that the two plots actually share a boundary.

In legal, cadastral, or property-related language, смежный is especially common.

Here участок means a plot of land, parcel, or lot.

This noun can mean different kinds of section / area / site depending on context, for example:

• земельный участок — land plot
• участок дороги — section of a road
• участок работы — area of work / responsibility

In Смежный участок находится рядом, the most likely meaning is a neighboring land plot.

Because смежный is an adjective modifying участок, and Russian adjectives must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Here:

• участок is masculine
• singular
• nominative case (because it is the subject)

So the adjective also takes the masculine singular nominative form:

• смежный участок

If the noun changed, the adjective would change too:

• смежная территория — feminine
• смежное помещение — neuter
• смежные участки — plural

It is in the nominative case.

That is because смежный участок is the subject of the sentence—the thing that is located nearby.

Breakdown:

• смежный — nominative masculine singular adjective
• участок — nominative masculine singular noun

The verb находится agrees with this singular subject.

Находится means is located, is situated, or literally finds itself.

In Russian, the present-tense verb to be is normally omitted, so a very short version like:

• Смежный участок рядом.

is possible and natural in some contexts.

But находится рядом sounds a bit more explicit, formal, or descriptive:

• Смежный участок находится рядом. — The adjacent plot is located nearby.

So:

• рядом alone can work in simpler speech
• находится рядом sounds fuller and often more neutral in written or formal language

Рядом is an adverb meaning nearby, close by, or close.

In this sentence it stands on its own:

• находится рядом — is nearby

Very often, though, рядом is used with с + instrumental to say what something is near:

• рядом с домом — next to / near the house
• рядом с дорогой — near the road

So there are two common patterns:

• рядом — nearby
• рядом с + instrumental — near / next to something

Because the sentence does not specify near what. It just says nearby in a general sense.

Compare:

• Смежный участок находится рядом. — The adjacent plot is nearby.
• Смежный участок находится рядом с домом. — The adjacent plot is near the house.

So рядом by itself is perfectly normal when the reference point is already understood from context.

Yes, this is a very normal and neutral word order:

• Смежный участок находится рядом.

It follows a simple pattern:

• subject → verb → adverb of place

Russian word order is flexible, but changing it changes the emphasis. For example:

• Рядом находится смежный участок. — puts more focus on nearby
• Смежный участок рядом. — shorter, more conversational
• Именно смежный участок находится рядом. — emphasizes that it is specifically the adjacent plot

So the original sentence sounds natural and straightforward.

The stress is:

• смЕжный учАсток нахОдится рЯдом

A rough pronunciation guide:

• смежный — SMYEZH-nyy
• участок — oo-CHA-stək
• находится — na-HO-di-tsa
• рядом — RYA-dəm

A couple of useful notes:

• Unstressed о is often pronounced more like a or a reduced vowel.
• The я in рядом gives a rya sound, not a plain ra.

Yes, you could, but the nuance is a little different.

• смежный участок = an adjoining plot, one that directly borders another
• соседний участок = a neighboring plot, which may simply be nearby

If you are talking about land boundaries, legal descriptions, or property maps, смежный участок is often the more precise word.

So both are possible, but смежный is more exact if the idea is sharing a border.