Questions & Answers about Они пришли одновременно.
Пришли is the past tense, plural form of прийти.
So in this sentence it tells you:
- the action happened in the past
- the subject is plural (they)
A rough breakdown is:
- они = they
- пришли = came / arrived
- одновременно = simultaneously / at the same time
This is a question of aspect.
- прийти → perfective
- приходить → imperfective
Пришли presents the action as a completed arrival: they arrived, and the event is seen as a whole.
Приходили would usually suggest something like:
- they used to come
- they were coming
- they came on some occasion, with focus less on the completed result
In Они пришли одновременно, the important idea is that their arrival happened at the same time, so the perfective form fits naturally.