Беспошлинный лимит зависит от таможенной стоимости.

Беспошлинный means duty-free or not subject to customs duty.

It is built from:

• без-/бес- = without
• пошлина = duty / customs fee
• -н- / -ый = adjective ending

So literally it means without duty.

A useful thing to notice: the prefix appears here as бес- instead of без- because of spelling rules before certain consonants.

Because лимит is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative case.

• лимит = nominative singular
• it is the thing that depends

The verb зависит is also singular, which matches лимит:

• лимит зависит = the limit depends

If лимит were not the subject, its form might change, but here the basic dictionary form is exactly what is needed.

In Russian, зависеть normally goes with от + genitive.

So:

• зависеть от чего? = to depend on what?

That is the standard pattern.
Examples:

• Это зависит от времени. = It depends on time.
• Цена зависит от качества. = The price depends on quality.

So in your sentence:

• зависит от таможенной стоимости = depends on the customs value

Because the preposition от requires the genitive case.

Dictionary forms:

• таможенная стоимость = customs value

After от, both words change to genitive singular:

• таможенная → таможенной
• стоимость → стоимости

So:

• от таможенной стоимости = on the customs value

This is a very common pattern in Russian:

• от цены
• от качества
• от условий

Not exactly. Таможенная стоимость is a more specific term: customs value.

• таможенный / таможенная = customs-related
• стоимость = value / cost

In customs and import contexts, таможенная стоимость usually means the value used by customs authorities to calculate duties, taxes, or limits. So it is more technical than just everyday price.

Because the noun стоимость is grammatically feminine in Russian.

You can often recognize many feminine nouns by endings like:

• -а
• -я
• or the soft-sign pattern -ь for some feminine nouns

Стоимость ends in -ь, and nouns of this type can be masculine or feminine, so gender has to be learned. In this case, it is feminine, which is why the adjective agrees with it:

• таможенная стоимость
  not
• таможенный стоимость

Russian adjectives must agree with the nouns they describe in:

• gender
• number
• case

Here the noun is:

• стоимость — feminine, singular, genitive

So the adjective must also be:

• feminine
• singular
• genitive

That gives:

• таможенной стоимости

This agreement is one of the core features of Russian grammar.

Yes, Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral, standard version is:

• Беспошлинный лимит зависит от таможенной стоимости.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• От таможенной стоимости зависит беспошлинный лимит.

That version puts more focus on от таможенной стоимости.

Both are grammatical, but the original sentence sounds like the most straightforward, neutral way to say it.

In Russian, the present tense is commonly used for:

• general truths
• definitions
• rules
• facts

So зависит here means:

• depends
• or, in context, is determined by / depends on

This is exactly like English:

• The limit depends on the customs value.

Russian uses the present tense in the same kind of general statement.

Лимит is a borrowing, ultimately related to the international word limit.

That is why it may feel familiar to an English speaker. But remember that even when a Russian word looks familiar, its grammar is fully Russian:

• it has gender
• it changes by case in some contexts
• it agrees with verbs and adjectives in Russian patterns

For example:

• лимит = nominative
• лимита = genitive
• лимиту = dative

A natural question would be:

• От чего зависит беспошлинный лимит?
  = What does the duty-free limit depend on?

Answer:

• Беспошлинный лимит зависит от таможенной стоимости.

This is a very useful model:

• От чего зависит цена?
• От чего зависит решение?
• От чего это зависит?

So the pattern От чего зависит ... ? is worth memorizing.

Here are the main dictionary forms:

• беспошлинный — duty-free
• лимит — limit
• зависеть — to depend
• от — from / on (with depend on, Russian uses от)
• таможенный — customs-related
• стоимость — value / cost

In the sentence, some of them are inflected:

• зависит is a conjugated form of зависеть
• таможенной стоимости is the genitive form of таможенная стоимость

The key pattern is:

X зависит от Y
= X depends on Y

And Y must be in the genitive case.

So you can build many similar sentences:

• Цена зависит от спроса. = The price depends on demand.
• Результат зависит от усилий. = The result depends on effort.
• Выбор зависит от бюджета. = The choice depends on the budget.

If you remember зависеть от + genitive, you will understand and build a lot of useful Russian sentences.