Ввиду того, что дефектная ведомость готова, проектировщик начнёт проверку.

Ввиду того, что means because, since, or more literally in view of the fact that.

It is quite formal and sounds typical of:

• official writing
• technical language
• bureaucratic style
• legal or business contexts

In everyday speech, Russians would more often say:

• потому что
• так как
• поскольку

So this sentence sounds natural, but it sounds formal and professional, not casual.

Yes, they are different.

• ввиду as one word is a preposition or conjunction meaning because of or in view of
• в виду as two words usually means something like in sight or appears in expressions such as иметь в виду = to keep in mind

So here, ввиду того, что is the fixed formal expression meaning because / in view of the fact that, and it must be written as one word.

There are two commas because ввиду того, что introduces a subordinate clause.

Structure:

• Ввиду того, что = conjunction introducing the reason
• дефектная ведомость готова = subordinate clause
• проектировщик начнёт проверку = main clause

So:

1. a comma appears before что
2. another comma closes the subordinate clause before the main clause begins

That is why the sentence is written: Ввиду того, что дефектная ведомость готова, проектировщик начнёт проверку.

Дефектная ведомость is in the nominative case.

Why? Because it is the subject of the subordinate clause:

• дефектная ведомость = the defect report / defect list
• готова = is ready

So the clause means: the defect report is ready

Since it is the subject, nominative is required.

Готова is the short form of the adjective готовый.

In Russian, short-form adjectives are often used as the predicate, especially for states:

• ведомость готова = the report is ready
• дверь закрыта = the door is closed
• он прав = he is right

Here:

• готова = feminine singular short form
• it agrees with ведомость, which is feminine singular

By contrast, готовая is the full form, usually used before a noun as a modifier:

• готовая ведомость = a ready/prepared report

So in this sentence, готова is correct because it means is ready, not ready report.

Here что is part of the conjunction ввиду того, что.

It does not really need to be translated word-for-word in isolation. The whole chunk works together as:

• because
• since
• in view of the fact that

So it is better to treat ввиду того, что as one fixed expression rather than trying to analyze что separately every time.

Начнёт is the future tense of the perfective verb начать.

Why perfective? Because the sentence refers to a single future event: the designer will begin the check.

Perfective verbs are commonly used when Russian focuses on:

• a completed event
• a single occurrence
• the start or result of an action

Here the focus is on the fact that the checking will begin.

An imperfective version such as будет начинать would usually sound strange here unless you had a very specific context.

Проверку is the accusative singular of проверка.

It is in the accusative because it is the direct object of начнёт:

• начнёт что?
• проверку

So:

• nominative: проверка
• accusative: проверку

This is normal after verbs like начать when they take a noun as an object.

Both are possible, but they are slightly different in style.

• начнёт проверку = will begin the inspection/check
• начнёт проверять = will begin checking

The version with the noun проверку sounds:

• more official
• more technical
• more document-like

The version with the infinitive проверять sounds:

• more verbal
• a bit more everyday
• often a bit less formal

So in a professional or technical sentence like this one, начнёт проверку is very natural.

Yes. Russian word order is flexible.

This sentence starts with the reason: Ввиду того, что дефектная ведомость готова, проектировщик начнёт проверку.

You could also put the main clause first: Проектировщик начнёт проверку, ввиду того, что дефектная ведомость готова.

Both are grammatical. The difference is mainly in emphasis:

• putting the reason first makes the reason more prominent
• putting the main clause first makes the action more prominent

In formal written Russian, both patterns are possible.

No. It is grammatically normal, but stylistically it is quite formal.

Several things make it sound formal:

• ввиду того, что
• дефектная ведомость
• проектировщик
• начнёт проверку

This sounds like something from:

• engineering documentation
• construction paperwork
• project management communication
• technical reporting

A more everyday version might use simpler connectors, but this original sentence is very natural for a professional context.