Инженерные коммуникации проходят через строительную площадку.

Not usually. In Russian, инженерные коммуникации is a technical term that often means utility infrastructure or service lines, such as:

• water pipes
• sewer lines
• heating lines
• gas lines
• electrical cables
• telecom cables

So this is a bit of a false friend for English speakers. In everyday English, communications usually makes you think of speech, media, or messaging, but in Russian this phrase often refers to physical networks and systems in a building or site.

Because коммуникации is plural, so the adjective has to agree with it.

Here the grammar is:

• инженерные = plural adjective
• коммуникации = plural noun

Russian adjectives agree with nouns in:

• gender
• number
• case

Since коммуникации is plural, the adjective must also be plural: инженерные коммуникации.

It is in the nominative plural, because it is the subject of the sentence.

The verb is проходят, which is 3rd person plural, and it agrees with the plural subject:

• инженерные коммуникации проходят
  = the utility lines run / pass

So this is the thing doing the action in the sentence.

Проходят is the 3rd person plural form of проходить.

In this sentence, it does not mean that someone is literally walking. With things like pipes, cables, roads, borders, or routes, проходить often means:

• to run
• to pass
• to go through
• to be located through/across

So here инженерные коммуникации проходят через строительную площадку means that the utility lines run through the construction site.

Because the preposition через takes the accusative case.

The dictionary form is:

• строительная площадка = construction site

In the accusative singular, it becomes:

• строительная → строительную
• площадка → площадку

So:

• через строительную площадку = through the construction site

This is one of the most common things learners notice in the sentence.

Yes, in standard Russian, через is used with the accusative case.

Examples:

• через дорогу = across the road
• через реку = across the river
• через город = through the city
• через строительную площадку = through the construction site

So once you see через, you should expect the noun after it to be in the accusative.

Yes, literally площадка can mean site, area, ground, platform, or small площадка/space, depending on context.

But строительная площадка is a set phrase meaning construction site or building site.

So even though the literal pieces are something like:

• строительная = construction/building-related
• площадка = site/area/ground

the natural translation is simply construction site.

Because Russian has no articles like a/an/the.

So:

• строительная площадка can mean a construction site or the construction site
• инженерные коммуникации can mean engineering utilities, the utility lines, etc.

You figure out whether it is a or the from context, not from a separate word.

Yes. Russian word order is more flexible than English word order.

The neutral order here is:

• Инженерные коммуникации проходят через строительную площадку.

But you could also say:

• Через строительную площадку проходят инженерные коммуникации.

This version puts more focus on through the construction site.

The basic meaning stays the same because the cases show the grammatical relationships, but the emphasis can shift.

Yes, very common in technical, construction, architectural, and administrative language.

You may also see related phrases like:

• наружные инженерные коммуникации = external utility networks
• подземные инженерные коммуникации = underground utility lines
• прокладка инженерных коммуникаций = laying utility lines
• сети инженерно-технического обеспечения = utility/service networks

So this sentence sounds quite natural in a construction or planning context.

Yes. In Russian, the present tense of an imperfective verb often describes a general fact, regular state, or layout, not just something happening at this exact moment.

So here it most naturally means something like:

• the utility lines run through the site
• the utility lines pass through the site

It is describing the arrangement of the infrastructure, not an action in progress like people physically walking through somewhere.

Sometimes yes, but проходят is more natural in this technical context.

Both verbs can be used for routes, pipes, cables, roads, and lines, but:

• проходят often sounds more standard for something that passes through an area
• идут can also mean run/go, but can sound a bit more general or conversational

In construction or technical descriptions, проходят is a very solid choice.

Context is the key.

If you see инженерные коммуникации, especially with words like:

• строительная площадка
• здание
• трубопровод
• сети
• кабель
• подземные

then it almost certainly means utility systems/infrastructure, not human communication.

Also, the verb проходят через strongly suggests physical lines or networks moving through space, which fits pipes and cables much better than spoken communication.