Learn Hardcore Romanian: Norii albi dispar rapid primăvara, lăsând cerul senin. - The white clouds disappear quickly in spring, leaving the sky clear.

In Romanian the normal descriptive order is noun + adjective. When the noun already has the definite article attached (here norii = nor + -ii), the following adjective remains in its basic (short) form without an extra article. So norii albi literally means the white clouds.

What does dispar mean, and what is its grammatical form?

Dispar is the 3rd person plural present indicative of a dispărea (to disappear). It means they disappear or they vanish, matching the plural subject norii.

Is rapid an adjective or an adverb here, and why doesn’t it agree in form?

In this sentence rapid functions as an adverb meaning quickly. Romanian adverbs often look identical to their adjective form and stay invariable (they don’t change for gender or number). Hence dispar rapid = disappear quickly.

Why is primăvara used without în, and what nuance does it carry?

When you say primăvara with the definite article (nominative singular), it’s understood adverbially as in spring or each spring describing a habitual action. You could also use în primăvară, but primăvara is more idiomatic for recurring events.

What case is primăvara, and why isn’t a preposition needed?

Grammatically primăvara is in the nominative/accusative with the definite article. Romanian often turns time expressions into adverbials simply by using the noun in this form—no preposition is required when the article is present.

What role does lăsând play in this sentence?

Lăsând is the present participle (gerund) of a lăsa (to leave). It introduces a subordinate clause expressing a result or concurrent action: leaving the sky clear.

Why is cerul senin in this form, and what case is it?

Cerul (the sky) has the definite article -ul and is in the accusative case as the direct object of lăsând. The adjective senin follows the noun in its basic form, giving cerul senin = the sky clear.

Why isn’t there a preposition pe before cerul in lăsând cerul senin?

In Romanian pe before a direct object is used mainly with animate or personified nouns. Cerul (the sky) is inanimate, so you simply use the accusative without pe.