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Questions & Answers about Le dau apă.
What does le represent in this sentence?
It’s the third-person plural dative clitic pronoun, meaning “to them.” It marks the indirect object of dau.
Why is le placed before dau and not after?
In Romanian simple tenses (present, imperfect, etc.), clitic pronouns are proclitic, i.e. they come before the verb. Enclitic placement (after the verb) occurs only in certain moods or compound tenses.
What’s the difference between le and îi?
îi is the third-person singular dative pronoun (“to him/her”), while le is the third-person plural dative pronoun (“to them”).
Why doesn't this sentence use a preposition like “to”?
Romanian uses the dative case (expressed by pronouns like le) instead of a separate preposition. So Le dau apă literally means “I give (to) them water.”
Why is there no article before apă?
Here apă is an uncountable noun meaning “water” in general, so it doesn’t take the indefinite article. (You would use o apă only if you meant “a glass of water” or “a bottle of water.”)
How do you pronounce the letter ă in apă?
The letter ă is called “a-breve” and is pronounced as a mid-central vowel [ə], similar to the a in English sofa. So apă is [ˈapə].
Can I say Le dau lor apă or Le lor dau apă?
You can say Le dau lor apă if you want to add the disjunctive pronoun lor for emphasis or contrast. But Le lor dau apă is incorrect because the clitic le must directly precede the verb.
Can I say Dau apă le?
No. In simple tenses, Romanian clitic pronouns must come before the verb, not after. So Le dau apă is the only correct order.
Why is the verb a da conjugated as dau for “I give”?
a da is an irregular verb. In the present tense, the first-person singular form is dau, while the third-person singular is dă. It doesn’t follow the regular -ez/-esc conjugation patterns.