Learn Hardcore Portuguese (Portugal): Eu como pão quando bebo água.

"Quando bebo água" functions as an adverbial clause of time. It tells us when the main action—eating bread—occurs by specifying that the act happens at the time the speaker drinks water.

Why are there no articles used before pão and água in this sentence?

In Portuguese, it is common to omit the definite article when referring to general, uncountable nouns like food and drink. "Eu como pão" and "bebo água" imply a general habit rather than a specific instance, much like saying "I eat bread" in English without adding "the."

Why is the subject pronoun Eu included, even though the verb conjugations already indicate the subject?

Although Portuguese verb endings clearly indicate the subject, the pronoun Eu is often included for emphasis or clarity. In this sentence, it reinforces that it is the speaker who performs both actions, even though it would be grammatically correct to omit it in one or both clauses.

Can the order of the clauses in the sentence be rearranged without changing its meaning?

Yes, the sentence order can be rearranged. For example, you could say "Quando bebo água, eu como pão." Both structures are correct; however, placing the time clause at the beginning may slightly emphasize the timing of the action, while the original order emphasizes the act of eating bread.

What verb tenses are used in this sentence, and how do they compare to the English equivalent?

Both "como" (from comer) and "bebo" (from beber) are in the present indicative tense, which is similar to the simple present in English. This tense is used to indicate habitual actions or general truths, showing that eating bread and drinking water are routine actions.