Breakdown of Porządek obrad obejmuje głosowanie nad uchwałą.
Questions & Answers about Porządek obrad obejmuje głosowanie nad uchwałą.
What does porządek obrad mean, and is it a fixed expression?
Yes. Porządek obrad is a standard formal expression meaning the agenda, especially in the context of a meeting, session, or council proceedings.
Literally:
- porządek = order
- obrad = of the deliberations / of the proceedings
So the literal sense is something like the order of proceedings.
In real usage, it often just corresponds to English agenda.
Why is it obrad and not obrady?
Because obrad is the genitive plural form of obrady.
- obrady = deliberations, proceedings
- porządek obrad = order of the proceedings
This is very common in Polish: one noun is followed by another noun in the genitive to mean of ....
So:
- porządek = order
- obrad = of the proceedings
That is why you do not see nominative obrady here.
What is obejmuje exactly?
Obejmuje is the 3rd person singular present tense of obejmować.
Here it means:
- includes
- covers
- contains
So:
- Porządek obrad obejmuje... = The agenda includes...
Why this form? Because porządek obrad is grammatically singular, so the verb must also be singular:
- porządek = singular masculine noun
- therefore obejmuje = singular verb form
Why is głosowanie used instead of a verb like głosować?
Because głosowanie is a verbal noun, meaning voting or a vote.
In this sentence, the agenda includes an item, namely the voting on the resolution. A noun fits that structure better than a verb.
Compare:
- głosować = to vote
- głosowanie = voting / a vote
So Polish is using a noun phrase:
- obejmuje głosowanie nad uchwałą
- includes voting on the resolution
This is very natural in formal or administrative language.
Why is it nad uchwałą? What case is uchwałą?
Uchwałą is in the instrumental case.
The preposition nad can take different cases depending on meaning, but in expressions like:
- debata nad projektem
- dyskusja nad ustawą
- głosowanie nad uchwałą
it means something like on / over / concerning, and it requires the instrumental.
So:
- uchwała = resolution (nominative)
- uchwałą = resolution (instrumental)
That is why the sentence has nad uchwałą, not nad uchwała.
Is głosowanie nad uchwałą the normal way to say a vote on the resolution?
Yes, very normal.
In formal Polish, głosowanie nad + instrumental is a standard pattern:
- głosowanie nad ustawą = a vote on the bill/law
- głosowanie nad poprawką = a vote on the amendment
- głosowanie nad uchwałą = a vote on the resolution
So this is a phrase worth remembering as a whole.
What does uchwała mean exactly? Is it the same as ustawa?
Not exactly.
Uchwała usually means resolution, especially one adopted by a council, committee, assembly, or similar body.
Ustawa usually means act or statute, a law passed in the legislative sense.
So:
- uchwała = resolution
- ustawa = law / act of parliament
A learner may see both translated loosely in some contexts, but they are not the same legal term.
Why is the sentence in this word order? Could the words be rearranged?
The given word order is the most natural and neutral one for formal style:
- Porządek obrad — topic
- obejmuje — verb
- głosowanie nad uchwałą — what is included
This follows a straightforward subject + verb + object pattern.
You could rearrange parts in Polish for emphasis, but in official meeting language this version sounds the most standard and natural.
Is this sentence formal?
Yes, definitely.
The vocabulary and structure are typical of:
- meeting minutes
- agendas
- council documents
- administrative or parliamentary language
In more everyday speech, people might say something less formal depending on context, but Porządek obrad obejmuje głosowanie nad uchwałą sounds exactly like something you would read in an official agenda.
How do you pronounce the tricky parts, especially ą?
A rough pronunciation guide:
- Porządek ≈ po-ZHON-dek
- obrad ≈ OB-rat
- obejmuje ≈ ob-ey-MOO-ye
- głosowanie ≈ gwo-so-VA-nye
- nad uchwałą ≈ nad oo-HVA-won
A few useful notes:
- Polish stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable.
- rz in porządek sounds like the zh in measure.
- ł sounds like English w.
- Final ą is often pronounced approximately like on/om, depending on context, so uchwałą does not sound like a pure nasal vowel held at the end.
Can głosowanie mean both voting and a vote?
Yes.
Depending on context, głosowanie can refer to:
- the process of voting
- a specific vote as an agenda item or event
In this sentence, it can naturally be understood as:
- voting on the resolution or
- a vote on the resolution
English may choose either wording depending on style.
What is the grammar of the whole sentence in simple terms?
A simple breakdown is:
- Porządek obrad = subject, the agenda
- obejmuje = verb, includes
- głosowanie nad uchwałą = object, a vote/voting on the resolution
Inside the last part:
- głosowanie = noun
- nad = preposition
- uchwałą = noun in the instrumental case
So the structure is very regular once you know the fixed phrase głosowanie nad + instrumental.
Sign up free — start using our AI language tutor
Start learning PolishMaster Polish — from Porządek obrad obejmuje głosowanie nad uchwałą to fluency
All course content and exercises are completely free — no paywalls, no trial periods, no signup needed.
- ✓Infinitely deep — unlimited vocabulary and grammar
- ✓Fast-paced — build complex sentences from the start
- ✓Unforgettable — efficient spaced repetition system
- ✓ AI tutor to answer your grammar questions