Mam astygmatyzm.

In Polish, many medical conditions are expressed with mieć (to have), just like in English:

• Mam astygmatyzm. = I have astigmatism.
• Mam grypę. = I have the flu.
• Mam alergię. = I have an allergy.

So mam is the normal, natural choice here.

Mam is the 1st person singular present tense form of mieć (to have).

The present tense forms are:

• mam = I have
• masz = you have
• ma = he/she/it has
• mamy = we have
• macie = you all have
• mają = they have

So Mam astygmatyzm literally follows the pattern I have + condition.

Because astygmatyzm is the direct object of mam, and with mieć the direct object normally appears in the accusative case.

For this noun, the accusative singular looks the same as the nominative singular:

• nominative: astygmatyzm
• accusative: astygmatyzm

That is very common for inanimate masculine nouns in Polish.

A good clue is the ending. Many Polish nouns ending in a consonant are masculine, and astygmatyzm fits that pattern.

You can also see it in dictionary forms and in how it behaves grammatically. For example:

• ten astygmatyzm = this astigmatism

The demonstrative ten is masculine.

A rough pronunciation is:

ah-stih-gmah-TIZM

A few helpful points:

• a = like a in father
• sty is roughly sti
• gma has a clear hard g
• the stress in Polish is usually on the second-to-last syllable, so here it falls on -ty-

So the word is stressed roughly like:

a-styg-ma-TYZM

Yes, it sounds natural and normal. A Polish speaker could say it in everyday conversation, for example when talking about eyesight, glasses, or eye exams.

Examples:

• Noszę okulary, bo mam astygmatyzm. = I wear glasses because I have astigmatism.
• Mam astygmatyzm i krótkowzroczność. = I have astigmatism and myopia.

It is not overly formal or overly technical.

Yes — and that is actually the most normal version.

Polish usually does not need the subject pronoun when the verb ending already shows who the subject is. Since mam clearly means I have, ja is unnecessary.

• Mam astygmatyzm. = normal
• Ja mam astygmatyzm. = possible, but more emphatic, like I have astigmatism or As for me, I have astigmatism

It is related, but not exactly the same in structure.

• Mam astygmatyzm. = I have astigmatism.
• Jestem astygmatykiem. = I am an astigmatic person.

The first version is usually the more straightforward and common way to talk about the condition itself. The second focuses more on the person as someone with that condition.

No. Polish has no articles like a, an, or the.

So Mam astygmatyzm naturally means I have astigmatism without needing any extra word before the noun.

Yes, very often. This is a useful pattern to learn:

Mam + condition

Examples:

• Mam alergię. = I have an allergy.
• Mam migrenę. = I have a migraine.
• Mam gorączkę. = I have a fever.
• Mam wadę wzroku. = I have a vision defect.

So Mam astygmatyzm is part of a very common structure.

You say:

Nie mam astygmatyzmu.

Notice something important: after negation, Polish often uses the genitive instead of the accusative.

So:

• affirmative: Mam astygmatyzm.
• negative: Nie mam astygmatyzmu.

That change is very common after nie mam.

You can say:

Masz astygmatyzm? = Do you have astigmatism?

More formal:

• Ma pan astygmatyzm? = Do you have astigmatism? (to a man, formal)
• Ma pani astygmatyzm? = Do you have astigmatism? (to a woman, formal)

So the pattern stays the same; only the form of mieć changes.

It is basically an international medical term adapted to Polish spelling and pronunciation. That is why it may look somewhat familiar to an English speaker.

Many medical words in Polish work this way: they resemble terms from other European languages, but their endings and pronunciation follow Polish rules.

Yes. Depending on context, a speaker might use a longer sentence, for example:

• Mam astygmatyzm w jednym oku. = I have astigmatism in one eye.
• Zdiagnozowano u mnie astygmatyzm. = I was diagnosed with astigmatism.
• Mam niewielki astygmatyzm. = I have slight astigmatism.

But Mam astygmatyzm is the simple, basic sentence learners should know first.