Każdy wydatek jest zapisany.

Because wydatek is a masculine singular noun, and każdy has to agree with it in gender, number, and case.

• każdy = masculine singular
• każda = feminine singular
• każde = neuter singular

Since wydatek is masculine, Polish uses każdy wydatek = every expense.

It is in the nominative singular.

That is because wydatek is the subject of the sentence:

• Każdy wydatek = the thing being talked about
• jest zapisany = is recorded / is written down

The basic dictionary form is also wydatek, so in this sentence the noun appears in its base form.

Wydatek means expense, expenditure, or outlay.

It is a singular noun. So:

• wydatek = an expense
• wydatki = expenses

In this sentence, każdy wydatek means every expense or each expense.

Zapisany is a past passive participle used adjectivally. In simple learner terms, it behaves a lot like an adjective meaning:

• recorded
• written down
• entered

It comes from the verb zapisać / zapisywać.

Because it describes wydatek, it must agree with it:

• masculine singular: zapisany
• feminine singular: zapisana
• neuter singular: zapisane
• masculine personal plural: zapisani
• non-masculine-personal plural: zapisane

So wydatek is masculine singular, which is why we get zapisany.

Here jest means is, and it links the subject with zapisany:

• Każdy wydatek jest zapisany.
• Every expense is recorded.

In the present tense, Polish often does not omit jest in this kind of sentence when using a passive/adjectival structure like this. So jest zapisany is the normal form.

If you removed jest, the sentence would sound incomplete or stylistically unusual in standard neutral Polish.

Yes, effectively it is.

Każdy wydatek jest zapisany literally means something like:

• Every expense is recorded
• Every expense is written down

The focus is on the expense, not on who recorded it.

A more active version would be something like:

• Ktoś zapisuje każdy wydatek. = Someone records every expense.

So this sentence is a very natural Polish way to express a passive idea.

Good question. The difference is mainly tense/aspect:

• jest zapisany = is recorded / is written down

  • focuses on the current state
  • the expense is in a recorded state now

• został zapisany = was recorded / has been recorded

  • focuses more on the completed event
  • something happened and the expense got recorded

So:

• Każdy wydatek jest zapisany = every expense is on record
• Każdy wydatek został zapisany = every expense was recorded

It comes from the verb family built around pisać = to write.

Relevant forms:

• pisać = to write
• zapisywać = to write down, to record, to be recording
• zapisać = to write down, to record, to complete the recording

The participle zapisany is connected especially with zapisać, the perfective verb, and means something like written down or recorded.

So the idea is not just written, but often properly entered/recorded.

The word order is natural and neutral, but Polish word order is more flexible than English.

The most standard order here is:

• Każdy wydatek jest zapisany.

This puts the topic first and sounds neutral.

Other orders are possible, but they change the emphasis, for example:

• Zapisany jest każdy wydatek.
  • stronger emphasis on recorded
• Jest zapisany każdy wydatek.
  • also possible, but less neutral

For learners, the given order is the best one to remember first.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• Każdy ≈ KAZH-dih
• wydatek ≈ vih-DA-tek
• jest ≈ yest
• zapisany ≈ zah-pee-SA-nih

A few useful notes:

• ż sounds like the s in measure
• j in Polish sounds like English y
• stress in Polish is usually on the second-to-last syllable
  • KAŻ-dy
  • wy-DA-tek
  • za-pi-SA-ny

It can mean both every and each, depending on context.

So:

• Każdy wydatek jest zapisany can be understood as
  • Every expense is recorded
  • Each expense is recorded

In many cases, English uses either one naturally, and Polish każdy covers both ideas well.

Yes, that is a very natural translation too.

Because zapisany has a broad sense including:

• written down
• recorded
• entered
• noted

So depending on context, the sentence could be translated as:

• Every expense is recorded
• Every expense is written down
• Every expense has been noted down

The exact English wording depends on whether the context is bookkeeping, note-taking, accounting, or general record-keeping.