Dochód jest wyższy.

Because dochód is a masculine singular noun, and the adjective has to agree with it.

• dochód = masculine singular
• so: wyższy = masculine singular form of higher

Compare:

• dochód jest wyższy = the income is higher
• cena jest wyższa = the price is higher
• wynagrodzenie jest wyższe = the salary/remuneration is higher

This is basic adjective agreement in Polish.

In this sentence, jest means is and functions as the copula, linking dochód with wyższy.

So:

• Dochód = income
• jest = is
• wyższy = higher

In standard Polish, you normally do not omit jest in a sentence like this in the present tense. So:

• Dochód jest wyższy. = correct
• Dochód wyższy. = not a normal full sentence in standard Polish

Polish often drops subject pronouns like ja, on, my, but not the verb być here.

It is in the nominative singular.

That is because dochód is the subject of the sentence:

• Dochód jest wyższy. = Income is higher.

The adjective wyższy is also in the nominative singular masculine form, agreeing with dochód.

Wyższy is the comparative form of the adjective wysoki.

• wysoki = high
• wyższy = higher

This is not formed with a separate word like English more. Instead, Polish often builds the comparative directly into the adjective itself.

So:

• wysoki dochód = a high income
• dochód jest wyższy = the income is higher

Polish, like English, often uses high/higher language for amounts such as income, salary, prices, levels, and rates.

So these are natural:

• wyższy dochód = higher income
• wyższa cena = higher price
• wyższa pensja = higher salary

Using większy would mean bigger/larger, and while sometimes possible in some contexts, it is not the most natural choice for things like income. For income, wyższy is the standard word.

Yes. A comparative like wyższy normally implies comparison, even if the second part is not stated.

So Dochód jest wyższy. usually means:

• the income is higher than before
• the income is higher than expected
• the income is higher than someone else’s
• the income is higher than in another period

If you want to say what it is higher than, you can add it:

• Dochód jest wyższy niż rok temu. = The income is higher than a year ago.
• Dochód jest wyższy od poprzedniego. = The income is higher than the previous one.

Both niż and od can be used in comparisons, though they are not always interchangeable in every structure.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• dochód ≈ DO-hut
• jest ≈ yest
• wyższy ≈ VIZH-shih or VYZH-shih depending on how closely you want to imitate Polish sounds

A few helpful sound notes:

• ch in dochód is like the ch in Scottish loch or German Bach
• ó is pronounced like u
• w in Polish sounds like English v
• y is a vowel that does not exist exactly in English; it is not the same as i
• ż sounds like the s in measure
• sz sounds like English sh

So wyższy has two different sh-like sounds close together:

• ż = voiced
• sz = voiceless

In modern Polish, ó is pronounced the same as u.

So:

• dochód is pronounced with a u sound

The spelling is historical. In many related word forms, ó alternates with o, which helps explain why the word is written this way.

For example, learners often notice spelling patterns like:

• stół → stoły
• mróz → mrozu

You do not need to know all alternation patterns immediately, but it helps to remember that ó is usually just pronounced u.

Yes, but the neutral, standard order is:

• Dochód jest wyższy.

Polish word order is more flexible than English, because grammatical endings carry much of the meaning. However, changing the order changes emphasis.

For example:

• Dochód jest wyższy. = neutral statement
• Wyższy jest dochód. = marked, unusual, emphasizing higher
• Jest wyższy dochód. = possible in special contexts, but not the normal way to say this

For learners, the safest version is the original one.

Sometimes, but context matters.

Dochód usually means income or profit/earnings, depending on context. It is not always the same as English revenue.

A few related words:

• dochód = income, profit
• przychód = revenue, receipts
• zarobki = earnings
• wynagrodzenie / pensja = salary, pay

So if you are talking about personal finances, dochód is very natural for income.

You change jest to the appropriate form of być:

• Dochód był wyższy. = The income was higher.
• Dochód będzie wyższy. = The income will be higher.

The adjective wyższy stays the same here because dochód is still masculine singular.

You simply negate the verb:

• Dochód nie jest wyższy. = The income is not higher.

In Polish, nie goes before the verb:

• jest → nie jest

You could also say:

• Dochód nie był wyższy. = The income was not higher.
• Dochód nie będzie wyższy. = The income will not be higher.

Usually just use intonation in speech, or a question mark in writing:

• Dochód jest wyższy? = Is the income higher?

You can also add particles for nuance:

• Czy dochód jest wyższy? = Is the income higher?

Using czy is very common and often clearer for learners.

The dictionary forms are:

• dochód — this is already the dictionary form of the noun
• wyższy — this is usually listed as the masculine singular form of the comparative adjective

It is also useful to know the positive form:

• wysoki = high
• wyższy = higher

So if you want to learn the pattern, memorize:

• wysoki → wyższy

Not completely. It is a common comparative, but it is not formed in a fully transparent way from wysoki.

You might expect something simpler, but Polish has many comparatives with sound changes. So it is best to learn this as a set:

• wysoki = high
• wyższy = higher

This is very common, and native speakers just know it as the normal comparative form.

Not exactly.

• Dochód jest wyższy. = The income is higher.
• To jest wyższy dochód. = This is a higher income.

The second sentence sounds like you are identifying or pointing out something, not just stating that income is higher. So the original sentence is the better direct equivalent of Income is higher.