Kurier doręczy przesyłkę.

• kurier = courier
• doręczy = will deliver
• przesyłkę = parcel / package / shipment (as the direct object)

So the whole sentence means The courier will deliver the parcel or A courier will deliver the package, depending on context.

In Polish, many perfective verbs use a form that looks like the present tense, but it actually refers to the future.

Here, doręczyć is a perfective verb, meaning the action is seen as completed. Because of that:

• doręczę = I will deliver
• doręczysz = you will deliver
• doręczy = he/she/it will deliver

There is no true present tense for perfective verbs. So doręczy cannot mean is delivering or delivers regularly here; it means will deliver.

The dictionary form is doręczyć.

This is a perfective infinitive meaning to deliver or to hand over successfully.

Its imperfective partner is usually doręczać, which is used for repeated, ongoing, or habitual delivery:

• Kurier doręcza przesyłki. = The courier delivers parcels / is delivering parcels
• Kurier doręczy przesyłkę. = The courier will deliver the parcel (one completed delivery)

Because przesyłka is the direct object of the verb, and in Polish direct objects often take the accusative case.

• Nominative: przesyłka = a parcel / the parcel (subject form)
• Accusative: przesyłkę = a parcel / the parcel (object form)

Since the courier is delivering the parcel, the noun must be in the accusative:

• Kurier doręczy przesyłkę.

This is very common with feminine nouns ending in -a:

• nominative -a
• accusative -ę

Kurier is the subject of the sentence, so it stays in the nominative case, which is the basic dictionary form.

Here:

• kurier = the one performing the action
• przesyłkę = the thing being delivered

So the sentence structure is:

• kurier — subject
• doręczy — verb
• przesyłkę — object

No. Polish does not have articles like English the and a/an.

So Kurier doręczy przesyłkę could mean:

• The courier will deliver the parcel
• A courier will deliver the parcel
• The courier will deliver a parcel

Context tells you which meaning is intended. In many everyday situations, English translators choose the because it sounds most natural.

No, Polish word order is fairly flexible because the cases show who is doing what.

The neutral, standard order here is:

• Kurier doręczy przesyłkę.

But other orders are also possible, with different emphasis:

• Przesyłkę doręczy kurier. = emphasis on the parcel
• Doręczy przesyłkę kurier. = more marked, often stylistic or context-driven

Even when the order changes, kurier is still the subject and przesyłkę is still the object because of their forms.

Both can often be translated as to deliver, but they are not always identical.

• doręczyć often suggests handing over to the recipient, sometimes more formally
• dostarczyć is broader and can mean to deliver / supply / bring

So:

• Kurier doręczy przesyłkę sounds very natural for a courier successfully delivering a parcel to the addressee.
• Kurier dostarczy przesyłkę is also possible, but the nuance can be slightly broader or less focused on the act of handover.

A rough guide:

• doręczy ≈ do-REN-chih
• przesyłkę ≈ pshe-SIHWK-eh

A few useful sound notes:

• rz usually sounds like zh in measure
• cz sounds like ch in church, but harder
• ę is a nasal vowel; in normal speech its pronunciation can vary depending on the following sound
• ł sounds like English w

Stress in Polish usually falls on the second-to-last syllable:

• do-RĘ-czy
• prze-SYŁ-kę

Yes, but the meaning is a bit different.

• Kurier doręczy przesyłkę. = The courier will deliver the parcel.
  Focus: one completed future action.

• Kurier będzie doręczał przesyłkę. = The courier will be delivering the parcel.
  Focus: the action will be in progress, or you are emphasizing the process rather than completion.

So if you simply want to say that the parcel will get delivered, doręczy is usually the better choice.

Not always exactly. Przesyłka is a broad word for a mailed or shipped item: shipment, parcel, package, consignment depending on context.

In everyday English, package or parcel is often the best translation. But in some contexts, especially postal or logistics language, shipment may fit better.

So in this sentence, parcel or package is the most natural choice for learners.

The verb form doręczy by itself can mean:

• he will deliver
• she will deliver
• it will deliver

But since the sentence includes kurier, which means courier, we know the subject is the courier. Because kurier is a masculine noun, English will normally use the courier rather than just he, unless the person has already been mentioned.

So in this full sentence, the subject is clearly kurier.