Którego dziś mamy? — Dziś jest trzeci marca.

Literally, it is something like Which one do we have today? or, more fully, Which day of the month do we have today?

In natural English, the best translation is simply What’s today’s date?

This is an idiomatic Polish way to ask for the calendar date, so it does not match English word for word.

This is a very common learner question.

The form którego is usually understood as a shortened version of Którego dnia miesiąca dziś mamy? = Which day of the month is it today?

So którego refers to an implied dnia = day, which is in the genitive.

You may also hear Który dziś mamy?, which is also common in modern Polish. So do not be surprised if you meet both versions.

Mamy is the 1st person plural of mieć = to have.

Polish often uses mieć when talking about the date:

• Mamy trzeci marca.

Literally, that is We have the third of March.

English does not use have this way, but Polish does. It is just a normal idiomatic pattern. Polish can also use jest:

• Dziś jest trzeci marca.

So both mamy and jest can appear in date expressions.

Because the hidden noun is dzień = day, and dzień is masculine singular.

So the date is understood as something like:

• trzeci dzień marca = the third day of March

In normal Polish, dzień is usually omitted, but the ordinal still agrees with it. That is why you get:

• pierwszy
• drugi
• trzeci
• czwarty

all in masculine singular.

When Polish states the date, it normally uses the form trzeci marca.

With jest, the ordinal is nominative:

• Dziś jest trzeci marca.

With mamy, it is accusative, but for a masculine inanimate form like this, the accusative looks the same as the nominative:

• Mamy trzeci marca.

So in both cases you see trzeci.

Trzeciego marca is a different form, often used when the date means on the third of March:

• Spotkamy się trzeciego marca. = We’ll meet on March 3rd.

So:

• Dziś jest trzeci marca. = stating the date
• Trzeciego marca... = talking about something happening on that date

Because in Polish dates, the month usually appears in the genitive singular.

The dictionary form is:

• marzec = March

But after a day number, it changes to:

• marca

So Polish dates follow this pattern:

• trzeci marca
• piąty maja
• dwunasty czerwca
• dwudziesty piąty grudnia

This is the standard way to say dates.

Yes. Dziś and dzisiaj both mean today.

• dziś is shorter
• dzisiaj is the fuller form

Both are normal.

You also do not have to repeat dziś in both parts. For example, all of these are possible:

• Którego dziś mamy? — Trzeci marca.
• Którego dzisiaj mamy? — Jest trzeci marca.
• Dziś jest trzeci marca.

Repeating dziś is natural, but it is not required.

Yes. Polish has several natural ways to ask for the date.

Common questions:

• Który dziś mamy?
• Którego dziś mamy?
• Jaka jest dziś data?

Common answers:

• Dziś jest trzeci marca.
• Jest trzeci marca.
• Mamy trzeci marca.
• Trzeci marca.

The shorter answers often sound more conversational.

It is asking about the date, not the day of the week.

So the answer is something like:

• trzeci marca
• dziesiąty kwietnia
• dwudziesty pierwszy lipca

If you want to ask about the day of the week, you would usually say something like:

• Jaki dziś mamy dzień tygodnia?

Answer:

• Dziś jest wtorek. = Today is Tuesday.

You may also hear Jaki dziś mamy dzień?, but that can depend on context, so dzień tygodnia is clearer if you specifically mean the weekday.

Use this pattern:

ordinal number + month in the genitive

Examples:

• pierwszy stycznia = January 1st
• siódmy lutego = February 7th
• dwunasty czerwca = June 12th
• dwudziesty piąty grudnia = December 25th

Then you can make full sentences such as:

• Dziś jest pierwszy stycznia.
• Mamy siódmy lutego.
• Dziś jest dwunasty czerwca.
• Mamy dwudziesty piąty grudnia.

That is the basic Polish pattern for saying the date.