Dyrektorka potwierdza nowy termin spotkania.

Dyrektorka is the feminine form of dyrektor (director / manager / principal, depending on context).

So:

• dyrektor = a male director
• dyrektorka = a female director

In this sentence, the speaker is referring to a woman, so dyrektorka is used.

A learner might also notice that Polish job titles sometimes have both:

• a traditional masculine form used generically in some contexts
• a specifically feminine form, like dyrektorka

Today, dyrektorka is a normal and widely understood feminine form.

Potwierdza is:

• present tense
• 3rd person singular
• from the verb potwierdzać = to confirm

So literally it means:

• he confirms
• she confirms
• it confirms

Because the subject here is dyrektorka, it means:

• the female director confirms

In English, depending on context, you might translate it as:

• confirms
• is confirming

Polish present tense can cover both simple present and present progressive meanings, depending on context.

Because nowy termin spotkania is the direct object of the verb potwierdza.

The noun termin is:

• masculine
• inanimate

For masculine inanimate nouns, the accusative singular is the same as the nominative singular.

So:

• nominative: nowy termin
• accusative: nowy termin

That is why the sentence says:

• potwierdza nowy termin spotkania

and not:

• potwierdza nowego terminu spotkania

The form nowego terminu would be genitive, and that is not what this sentence needs.

Because spotkania is in the genitive singular.

Here, termin spotkania means:

• the date/time of the meeting
• the meeting date
• the deadline/appointed time for the meeting, depending on context

In Polish, one noun often describes another noun by using the genitive:

• termin spotkania = date/time of the meeting
• plan projektu = plan of the project
• kolor samochodu = color of the car

So:

• spotkanie = nominative singular, meeting
• spotkania = genitive singular, of the meeting

The sentence breaks down like this:

• Dyrektorka = the subject
• potwierdza = the verb
• nowy termin spotkania = the object

More specifically:

• nowy termin = the direct object (new date/time/term)
• spotkania = a dependent genitive, describing termin

So the structure is basically:

[Subject] + [Verb] + [Object]
Dyrektorka + potwierdza + nowy termin spotkania

Not always. Termin is one of those Polish words whose best English translation depends on context.

It can mean:

• date
• time
• deadline
• appointment time
• scheduled date
• sometimes term in a more abstract sense

In termin spotkania, the most natural English meaning is usually:

• the meeting date
• the new date for the meeting
• the new time of the meeting
  depending on context

So even though the Polish word is termin, you often should not translate it mechanically as term.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English word order because case endings show grammatical relationships.

The most neutral order here is:

• Dyrektorka potwierdza nowy termin spotkania.

But other orders are possible, for example:

• Nowy termin spotkania potwierdza dyrektorka.
• Potwierdza dyrektorka nowy termin spotkania.

These alternatives may sound more marked, literary, or emphatic depending on context.

For a learner, the safest choice is the original order:

• subject + verb + object

Grammatically, potwierdza is present tense.

But the phrase nowy termin spotkania refers to a meeting date that is probably in the future. So the sentence means that right now the director is confirming a meeting time/date that concerns a future event.

That is very normal:

• the confirming happens now
• the meeting happens later

So the verb is present, even though part of the content refers to the future.

Polish does not have articles like English the and a/an.

So:

• dyrektorka can mean the director or a director
• nowy termin spotkania can mean the new meeting date or a new meeting date

Context tells you which meaning is intended.

In this sentence, English will usually use the:

• The director confirms the new meeting date.

But Polish does not need separate article words to express that.

A rough English-friendly guide:

• Dyrektorka ≈ dih-rek-TOR-ka
• potwierdza ≈ pot-FVYER-dza
• nowy termin spotkania ≈ NO-vih TER-min spot-KA-nya

A few helpful pronunciation notes:

• y is not like English ee. It is a shorter, more central vowel.
• w in Polish sounds like English v
• rz often sounds like the zh sound in measure
• dz sounds like dz in beds
• ci/si/ni-type spellings can create softer consonants, but here spotkania is fairly straightforward once heard

If a learner is reading rather than listening, potwierdza is often the trickiest word in this sentence.

Yes, it matters.

Potwierdzać is imperfective.
Its perfective partner is potwierdzić.

So:

• potwierdzać = to be confirming / to confirm (imperfective, process or repeated action)
• potwierdzić = to confirm once, as a completed act (perfective)

In the present tense:

• potwierdza = confirms / is confirming

A perfective verb normally does not have a true present meaning in Polish; its present forms usually refer to the future.

So if you used the perfective form:

• Dyrektorka potwierdzi nowy termin spotkania. that would mean:
• The director will confirm the new meeting date.

But your original sentence with potwierdza is present:

• The director confirms / is confirming the new meeting date.

Yes. Like many Polish job titles, dyrektorka can correspond to different English words depending on the setting.

It might mean:

• director
• manager
• principal
  for example in a school context

So while the grammar stays the same, the best English translation can change depending on what kind of institution or company is being discussed.