Jedna kopia dokumentu leży na biurku.

One copy of the document is lying on the desk.

Breakdown of Jedna kopia dokumentu leży na biurku.

• na: on
• leżeć: to lie
• biurko: the desk
• kopia: the copy

Questions & Answers about Jedna kopia dokumentu leży na biurku.

Why is it jedna, not jeden or jedno?

Because kopia is a feminine noun, and jeden (one) has to agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

So in the nominative singular:

• masculine: jeden
• feminine: jedna
• neuter: jedno

Since kopia is feminine, we say jedna kopia.

What case is kopia in here?

Kopia is in the nominative singular.

That is because it is the subject of the sentence — the thing that lies on the desk.

You can see this in the verb too:

• leży = lies / is lying
• it matches a third-person singular subject

So:

• Jedna kopia dokumentu = the subject
• leży = the verb
• na biurku = where it is

Why is it dokumentu and not dokument?