Trening siatkówki jest trudny.

to be

Breakdown of Trening siatkówki jest trudny.

• trudny: difficult
• trening: the training
• siatkówka: the volleyball

Questions & Answers about Trening siatkówki jest trudny.

Why is it siatkówki and not siatkówka?

Because in Polish, when one noun specifies another (like training of volleyball), the second noun usually goes into the genitive case.

• trening – training / practice (nominative)
• siatkówka – volleyball (nominative)
• siatkówki – genitive singular of siatkówka, meaning of volleyball

So trening siatkówki literally means training of volleyball, which is how Polish normally expresses this relationship.

What grammatical case is siatkówki, and how is that form built?

Siatkówki is genitive singular of siatkówka.

Basic forms of siatkówka (feminine noun):

• Nominative (who? what?): siatkówka
• Genitive (of who? of what?): siatkówki
• Dative (to/for what?): siatkówce
• Accusative (whom? what?): siatkówkę
• Instrumental (with what?): siatkówką
• Locative (about/on what?): siatkówce

Here, we need the pattern trening czego? (training of what?) → trening siatkówki (training of volleyball), so we use the genitive form siatkówki.

Why is the adjective trudny and not trudna or trudne?

In Polish, adjectives agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun they describe.

• trening is a masculine noun (masculine inanimate)
• The subject trening siatkówki is singular and in the nominative case
• The predicate adjective must be masculine singular nominative

So we use:

• trudny (masc. sg.)
  not trudna (fem. sg.)
  not trudne (neuter sg. or non-masculine plural)

Compare:

• Trening siatkówki jest trudny. – Volleyball training is hard.
• Siatkówka jest trudna. – Volleyball (the sport) is hard. (because siatkówka is feminine)

Can I leave out jest, like in Russian or some headlines?

In normal, neutral spoken and written Polish, you keep jest in such sentences:

• ✅ Trening siatkówki jest trudny.

Omitting jest is possible in:

• Headlines / notes / labels:
  
  • Trening siatkówki – trudny dla początkujących
• Some poetic or very telegraphic styles.

In everyday speech, Trening siatkówki trudny sounds incomplete or stylistically odd, not like a normal sentence.

Is the word order fixed? Can I say Siatkówki trening jest trudny?

Polish word order is flexible, but not all orders sound natural.

• The neutral, most natural order here is:
  
  • ✅ Trening siatkówki jest trudny.

Other possibilities:

• Trening siatkówki trudny jest. – possible, but sounds poetic or emphatic.
• Trudny jest trening siatkówki. – puts emphasis on trudny (“It’s difficult that volleyball training is”).

Siatkówki trening jest trudny is grammatically possible, but it sounds unnatural and awkward in modern Polish. Learners should stick to:

• [Subject] [jest] [adjective]
  → Trening siatkówki jest trudny.

Could I say Trening do siatkówki jest trudny instead? Does that change the meaning?

Yes, you can say:

• Trening do siatkówki jest trudny.

But the nuance is slightly different:

• Trening siatkówki – training in the sport itself, volleyball practice (drills, tactics, etc.).
• Trening do siatkówki – training for volleyball, often understood more as preparation (e.g. general fitness, strength training that prepares you to play volleyball).

In everyday conversation, many people might use them interchangeably, but trening siatkówki is the most direct equivalent of volleyball training / volleyball practice.

How do you pronounce trening siatkówki jest trudny?

Approximate English-friendly pronunciation (stressed syllable in CAPS):

• trening – TREH-ning
  
  • e like in bed, r rolled or tapped
• siatkówki – shat-KOOV-kee
  
  • sia → “sha”
  • ó → sounds like u in food
  • w → sounds like English v
  • stress on -KÓW-: shat-KOOV-kee
• jest – “yest”
• trudny – TROOD-nih
  
  • u like in food
  • final y like a short “ih” sound

So the whole sentence:
TREH-ning shat-KOOV-kee yest TROOD-nih

Why isn’t siatkówka capitalized? In English we often write Volleyball with a capital V.

In Polish, names of sports are not capitalized, because they are treated as ordinary common nouns:

• siatkówka – volleyball
• piłka nożna – football / soccer
• koszykówka – basketball

You would only capitalize a sport in Polish if it’s part of an official proper name, like a club or event:

• Polski Związek Piłki Siatkowej – Polish Volleyball Association
• Mistrzostwa Świata w Piłce Siatkowej – Volleyball World Championships

How would I say “Volleyball trainings are difficult” in Polish?

You need the plural of both the noun and the adjective:

• Treningi siatkówki są trudne.

Breakdown:

• treningi – plural nominative of trening
• siatkówki – still genitive singular (training of volleyball)
• są – plural form of być (to be)
• trudne – non-masculine-personal plural adjective form (matches treningi, which are inanimate things)

So:

• Singular: Trening siatkówki jest trudny.
• Plural: Treningi siatkówki są trudne.

Can I express the same idea using a verb like “to train” instead of the noun trening?

Yes. A very natural alternative is to use a verbal noun or an infinitive:

1. Trenowanie siatkówki jest trudne.

   • trenowanie – “training” as an activity (verbal noun)
   • trudne – neuter, agreeing with trenowanie (neuter)

2. Trenować siatkówkę jest trudno.

   • Less common and feels a bit clunky; usually you’d say:
   • Trenować siatkówkę jest ciężko/trudno. (adverb)
     or more naturally:
   • Trenowanie siatkówki jest trudne.

The original sentence with trening is shorter and very idiomatic, especially when talking about sports practice sessions.

What’s the difference between Trening siatkówki jest trudny and Siatkówka jest trudna?

They focus on slightly different things:

• Trening siatkówki jest trudny.
  – The training / practice sessions for volleyball are hard.

• Siatkówka jest trudna.
  – The sport itself (playing volleyball) is difficult.

Grammatically:

• trening – masculine → trudny
• siatkówka – feminine → trudna

So the form of the adjective tells you which noun is the subject.