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Questions & Answers about Park jest czysty.
Why are there no articles like the or a in Park jest czysty?
Polish does not use indefinite or definite articles. Instead, context and word order tell you if something is definite or indefinite, so Park jest czysty can mean both “A park is clean” and “The park is clean,” depending on context.
What part of speech is jest and how is it used?
Jest is the 3rd-person singular present tense of the verb być (to be). It links the subject (park) with the predicate adjective (czysty). Conjugation of być in the present tense is: ja jestem, ty jesteś, on/ona/ono jest, my jesteśmy, wy jesteście, oni/one są.
How do park and czysty agree in gender, number, and case?
Park is a masculine, singular noun in the nominative case. Adjectives in Polish must agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case. The masculine nominative singular adjective ending is -y or -i, so czysty matches park.
Can I change the word order to Czysty jest park?
Yes, Polish word order is relatively flexible. Czysty jest park is grammatically correct but unusual; it puts extra emphasis on czysty (“It’s clean, this park”). The neutral word order is Park jest czysty.