Pomarańcza jest słodka.

to be

Breakdown of Pomarańcza jest słodka.

• słodki: sweet
• pomarańcza: the orange

Questions & Answers about Pomarańcza jest słodka.

Why is there no English equivalent of “a” or “the” in this Polish sentence?

Polish does not use articles like “a” or “the”. Nouns appear without them, and definiteness or indefiniteness is inferred from context. If you need to specify “this orange,” you’d add a demonstrative, e.g. Ta pomarańcza jest słodka (“This orange is sweet”).

Why is pomarańcza feminine, and how can I tell a noun’s gender in Polish?

Most Polish nouns ending in -a are feminine. There are exceptions, but as a rule of thumb:

• Feminine: kobieta (woman), książka (book), pomarańcza (orange)
• Masculine: typically end in a consonant (e.g. stół, dom)
• Neuter: often end in -o or -e (e.g. okno, pole)

Always check a dictionary to confirm, especially for irregular nouns.

Why does the adjective słodka end in -a instead of -i or -e?

Adjectives in Polish agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun they modify. Here pomarańcza is singular feminine in the nominative case, so słodka takes the feminine singular nominative ending -a.
Masculine singular would be słodki, neuter singular słodkie, and plural (all genders) słodkie or słodcy (for masculine personal).