Questions & Answers about Pomarańcza jest słodka.
Most Polish nouns ending in -a are feminine. There are exceptions, but as a rule of thumb:
- Feminine: kobieta (woman), książka (book), pomarańcza (orange)
- Masculine: typically end in a consonant (e.g. stół, dom)
- Neuter: often end in -o or -e (e.g. okno, pole)
Always check a dictionary to confirm, especially for irregular nouns.
Adjectives in Polish agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun they modify. Here pomarańcza is singular feminine in the nominative case, so słodka takes the feminine singular nominative ending -a.
Masculine singular would be słodki, neuter singular słodkie, and plural (all genders) słodkie or słodcy (for masculine personal).
You add the question particle czy at the beginning:
Czy pomarańcza jest słodka?
Literally: “Whether the orange is sweet?”
Change both noun and adjective to plural:
Pomarańcze są słodkie.
- pomarańcze: plural of pomarańcza
- są: 3rd person plural of być (“are”)
- słodkie: plural nominative ending
Approximate phonetic spelling:
po-ma-RAN-cha yest SWOT-ka
Stress in Polish is almost always on the penultimate (second-to-last) syllable: po-ma-RAN-cha, SŁOD-ka.
Yes. Placing the adjective first is stylistic or for emphasis:
Słodka pomarańcza też jest correct.
However, the normal neutral order is noun–verb–adjective (Pomarańcza jest słodka).
Use the feminine demonstrative ta before pomarańcza:
Ta pomarańcza jest słodka.
- ta: “this” (feminine singular)
- rest of the sentence remains the same.