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Questions & Answers about Widzę go w parku.
What does the ending -ę in widzę indicate, and why is ja (I) omitted?
The ending -ę marks the first-person singular present tense of the verb widzieć (“to see”). Because Polish verbs carry person and number endings, the subject pronoun ja (“I”) is understood from -ę and is usually left out unless you need to emphasize I.
Why is go used here instead of on or jego?
On is the nominative form (“he”), and jego is the genitive form (“of him” or colloquially sometimes as object). Since “him” is the direct object of widzę, Polish requires the accusative case. The short accusative form of on is go, so Widzę go correctly means “I see him.”
What case is parku, and why is it used after w?
Park changes to parku in the locative case. Prepositions denoting location like w (“in”) govern the locative. Thus w parku literally means “in the park.”
Why do we use w with parku? Could we use na instead?
In Polish, w is used for “in” enclosed or bounded spaces (e.g. w domu, w pokoju, w parku). Na is used for surfaces or open areas/events (e.g. na boisku – “on the playing field,” na uczelni – “at university”). You would not say na parku.
Can I emphasize the subject by adding ja, as in Ja widzę go w parku?
Yes. Adding ja stresses “I” (e.g. “I see him in the park, not you”). The sentence is grammatically correct, but the pronoun is only used when you want contrast or emphasis.
Is the word order fixed? What about Go widzę w parku or W parku widzę go?
Polish allows quite flexible word order because cases show grammatical roles. The neutral order is Widzę go w parku (S-V-O). You can front go (Go widzę w parku) to emphasize “him,” or front w parku (W parku widzę go) to highlight the location. The meaning stays the same.