Krzesło jest ciężkie.

to be

Breakdown of Krzesło jest ciężkie.

• krzesło: the chair
• ciężki: heavy

Questions & Answers about Krzesło jest ciężkie.

Why isn’t there a word for the or a before krzesło?

Polish has no articles. You simply say the noun without the or a, and rely on context to know whether you mean something specific or general.

What gender is krzesło, and how can I tell?

Krzesło is neuter. Most nouns ending in -o are neuter. This affects adjective endings and verb agreements.

Why is the adjective ciężkie and not ciężki or ciężka?

Adjectives must agree with the noun’s gender, number, and case. Since krzesło is neuter singular in the nominative case, the correct adjective ending is -ie, giving ciężkie.

What case is krzesło in, and why is it that case?

It’s in the nominative case because it’s the subject of the sentence. Neuter nouns ending in -o have the same form in the nominative singular: krzesło.

What does jest mean, and why is it used here?

Jest is the 3rd-person singular present form of być (“to be”). It corresponds to English , linking the subject () with its description ().