Kompostuję obierki i resztki jedzenia.

Kompostuję is the 1st person singular present tense form of kompostować, so it means I compost or I am composting.

Breakdown:

• kompostować = to compost
• kompostuję = I compost / I’m composting

The ending -uję is a common I ending for some Polish verbs.

In Polish, subject pronouns are often omitted because the verb ending already shows who is doing the action.

So:

• Kompostuję = I compost / I’m composting
• Ja kompostuję also works, but ja is usually only added for emphasis, contrast, or clarity.

For example:

• Ja kompostuję, a on nie. = I compost, but he doesn’t.

They are the direct objects of the verb kompostuję, so they are in the accusative case.

However, in this sentence, their accusative forms look the same as their nominative forms:

• obierki = peelings
• resztki = leftovers/scraps

This is very common in Polish, especially with plural non-masculine-personal nouns.

So even though the case is accusative, the words do not change form here.

Because Polish often uses the pattern:

noun + genitive = noun of something

So:

• resztki = leftovers / scraps
• jedzenia = of food

The dictionary form is:

• jedzenie = food / eating

But after resztki, Polish uses the genitive:

• jedzenie → jedzenia

So:

• resztki jedzenia = food scraps / leftovers of food

This is a very common structure in Polish.

Obierki usually means peelings, especially from vegetables or fruit, such as:

• potato peelings
• carrot peelings
• apple peelings

It often refers to the parts removed while peeling food.

A closely related word is skórka, which means skin or peel, but:

• obierki often emphasizes the waste scraps you peeled off
• skórka/skórki can refer more generally to the skin/peel itself

In a composting context, obierki is very natural.

They overlap a little, but they are not exactly the same.

• obierki = peelings, the bits removed while peeling fruit or vegetables
• resztki jedzenia = food scraps / leftover bits of food more generally

So the sentence lists two kinds of compostable kitchen waste:

1. obierki = peelings
2. resztki jedzenia = other food scraps

It can mean either, depending on context.

Polish present tense often covers both:

• a habitual action: I compost
• an action happening now: I am composting

So:

• Kompostuję obierki i resztki jedzenia. can mean
  I compost peelings and food scraps
  or
  I’m composting peelings and food scraps

Context tells you which meaning is intended.

Kompostować is imperfective.

That means it is used for:

• ongoing actions
• repeated actions
• habitual actions
• general statements

That fits this sentence well, because it can describe a regular habit or an action in progress.

If needed, a perfective partner can sometimes be formed in context, but for everyday statements like this, kompostować is the normal choice.

Polish has no articles, so there is no direct equivalent of the, a, or some in most sentences.

So:

• obierki can mean peelings, the peelings, or some peelings
• resztki jedzenia can mean food scraps, the food scraps, or some food scraps

The exact meaning depends on context.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English because case endings help show grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Kompostuję obierki i resztki jedzenia.

But other orders are possible, for example:

• Obierki i resztki jedzenia kompostuję.
• Resztki jedzenia i obierki kompostuję.

These alternatives may sound more emphatic or stylistically marked. The original sentence is the most natural neutral version.

A simple pronunciation guide:

• Kompostuję ≈ kom-pos-TU-yeh
• obierki ≈ o-BYER-kee
• i ≈ ee
• resztki ≈ RESH-tkee
• jedzenia ≈ ye-DZEN-ya

A few useful notes:

• Polish stress is usually on the second-to-last syllable
• i is pronounced like ee
• rz in resztki sounds like the zh/sh type sound represented in modern pronunciation as ż
• dz in jedzenia is a real consonant cluster, not two separate syllables

Jedzenia is in the genitive singular.

Dictionary form:

• jedzenie = food / eating

Genitive singular:

• jedzenia

It is genitive because it depends on resztki:

• resztki czego? = leftovers of what?
• resztki jedzenia = leftovers of food

Here it clearly means food.

The noun jedzenie can mean:

• food
• eating in some contexts

But in resztki jedzenia, the natural meaning is food scraps / leftovers of food, so it refers to food, not the act of eating.

Yes. Oraz also means and.

But there is a difference in style:

• i = the normal everyday and
• oraz = a bit more formal or careful

So in ordinary speech, i is more natural:

• Kompostuję obierki i resztki jedzenia.

Yes, it sounds natural.

It is a normal, clear way to say that you compost:

• peelings
• food scraps

Depending on the situation, native speakers might also say things like:

• Wrzucam obierki do kompostu. = I put peelings into the compost.
• Kompostuję odpady organiczne. = I compost organic waste.

But your sentence is perfectly natural and idiomatic.