Wyprawa obejmuje podejście i zejście.

Obejmuje means includes, covers, or consists of in this sentence.

Its dictionary form is obejmować.

Here:

• wyprawa = the expedition / trip
• obejmuje = includes
• podejście i zejście = the ascent/approach and the descent

So grammatically, obejmuje is:

• 3rd person singular
• present tense
• matching the singular subject wyprawa

In Polish, the present tense is also often used for general descriptions, so wyprawa obejmuje... is a very natural way to say that the trip includes certain stages.

Because obejmować is the infinitive, meaning to include.

In a full sentence, Polish normally uses a conjugated verb, not the infinitive, unless you specifically mean to include as an abstract action.

Compare:

• Wyprawa obejmuje podejście i zejście. = The trip includes the ascent and descent.
• Obejmować by itself = to include

So obejmuje is the correct finite verb form for wyprawa.

They are objects of the verb obejmuje, so they are in the accusative case.

However, both podejście and zejście are neuter singular nouns, and for many neuter nouns, the nominative and accusative forms are identical.

So:

• nominative: podejście, zejście
• accusative: podejście, zejście

That is why they look unchanged.

In this context, they most likely refer to stages of a mountain hike or climbing route:

• podejście = the uphill approach, ascent, or climb up
• zejście = the descent, coming down

These words can have other meanings in different contexts:

• podejście can also mean approach in a figurative sense, such as an approach to a problem
• zejście can also mean going down, exit, or in some contexts other specialized meanings

But in a sentence about a wyprawa, the mountain/outdoor meaning is the most natural one.

Yes. They are nouns derived from verbs.

• podejście comes from podejść = to approach / to walk up / to go up to
• zejście comes from zejść = to go down / come down / descend

This is very common in Polish: a verb can produce a noun naming the action or result of the action.

So:

• podejść → podejście
• zejść → zejście

In this sentence, those noun forms work a bit like ascent and descent in English.

I simply means and.

So:

• podejście i zejście = ascent and descent

This is a straightforward coordination of two nouns.

Because both nouns are singular and are being listed together, Polish just links them with i, exactly like English and.

Wyprawa is a feminine singular noun.

Because it is singular, the verb must also be singular:

• wyprawa obejmuje

If the subject were plural, the verb would change:

• Wyprawy obejmują podejście i zejście. = The expeditions include the ascent and descent.

So the form obejmuje is chosen because the subject is:

• singular
• third person
• wyprawa

Yes, depending on context.

Wyprawa often suggests something more purposeful or demanding than a casual wycieczka. It can mean:

• expedition
• trip
• outing
• excursion

In a mountain or adventure context, expedition or trip often fits best.

A learner should notice that wyprawa can sound more serious, rugged, or goal-oriented than wycieczka, which is often more like excursion or sightseeing trip.

The given word order is the most neutral and natural:

• Wyprawa obejmuje podejście i zejście.

Polish word order is fairly flexible, so other versions are possible, but they may sound marked or emphasize different parts.

For example:

• Podejście i zejście obejmuje wyprawa.
  This is grammatically possible, but much less neutral and sounds stylistically marked.

For normal description, the original order is best:

• subject → verb → object

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Wyprawa ≈ vih-PRA-va
• obejmuje ≈ o-bei-MOO-ye
• podejście ≈ po-DEI-shche
• i = ee
• zejście ≈ ZEI-shche

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• w in Polish sounds like English v
• j sounds like English y
• ś is a soft sh-like sound
• ie often creates a ye / e-like effect depending on position

A more careful approximation of the whole sentence is:

vih-PRA-va o-bei-MOO-ye po-DEI-shche ee ZEI-shche

Yes. Podejście is a very flexible word.

It can mean:

• a physical approach, especially uphill
• an attitude or method
• an approach to a topic or problem

For example:

• Mam inne podejście do tego problemu. = I have a different approach to this problem.

But in Wyprawa obejmuje podejście i zejście, the pairing with zejście strongly points to the physical, hiking-related meaning: ascent and descent.