Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę doniczkową.

Because roślina is the direct object of the verb przesadzam.

In Polish, a feminine singular noun like roślina changes in the accusative case:

• nominative: roślina = a plant
• accusative: roślinę = a plant, as the thing being acted on

So:

• Roślina rośnie. = The plant is growing.
• Przesadzam roślinę. = I am repotting/transplanting the plant.

English usually does not change the noun form here, but Polish does.

Because the adjective has to agree with the noun it describes.

The noun roślinę is:

• feminine
• singular
• accusative

So the adjective must also be:

• feminine
• singular
• accusative

That gives:

• nominative: roślina doniczkowa
• accusative: roślinę doniczkową

This is standard adjective agreement in Polish.

Here, przesadzam means I am repotting or I am transplanting.

The verb przesadzać / przesadzić can be used for moving a plant from one place or pot to another.

With roślina doniczkowa, the most natural English idea is usually:

• I’m repotting a houseplant / potted plant.

So in this sentence, it is not just planting. It means moving the plant to a new pot or new soil.

Sadzę comes from sadzić, which means to plant.

Przesadzam comes from przesadzać, which means to replant / transplant / repot.

So the difference is roughly:

• sadzę roślinę = I am planting a plant
• przesadzam roślinę = I am replanting / repotting a plant

The prefix prze- often adds the idea of moving something from one place to another or doing it again/in a different place.

Because Polish present tense can describe something happening:

• right now
• around now
• as part of today’s activity

So Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę doniczkową can mean:

• I’m repotting a potted plant today
• Today I am repotting a potted plant

It sounds natural if you mean this is what you’re doing today, whether at this exact moment or as today’s plan/activity.

This is mainly a question of aspect.

• przesadzać = imperfective
• przesadzić = perfective

So:

• przesadzam = I am repotting / I repot
• przesadzę = I will repot

Compare:

• Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę doniczkową. = Today I’m repotting a potted plant.
• Dzisiaj przesadzę roślinę doniczkową. = I’ll repot a potted plant today.

The imperfective form focuses more on the process/activity. The perfective form focuses more on the completed action.

Yes. Very commonly, przesadzać can also mean to exaggerate.

For example:

• Przesadzasz! = You’re exaggerating!
• Nie przesadzaj. = Don’t exaggerate.

But in Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę doniczkową, the object roślinę doniczkową makes it clear that the meaning is about plants, not exaggeration.

Doniczkowa comes from doniczka, which means flowerpot / plant pot.

So roślina doniczkowa literally means:

• pot plant
• potted plant
• often more naturally in English: houseplant

Depending on context, it refers to a plant kept in a pot rather than one growing directly in the ground.

Yes, but it changes the structure.

• roślina doniczkowa = a potted plant / houseplant
• roślina w doniczce = a plant in a pot

Both are possible, but roślina doniczkowa is a fixed, very natural expression.

So you could say:

• Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę w doniczce.

But Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę doniczkową sounds very natural and compact.

Because in Polish, the verb form usually already tells you the subject.

przesadzam means I am repotting / I repot, so ja is not necessary.

That is why Polish often drops subject pronouns when they are obvious.

You could say:

• Dzisiaj ja przesadzam roślinę doniczkową.

But that usually adds emphasis, something like:

• I’m the one repotting the plant today
• As for me, I’m repotting the plant today

Without emphasis, the version without ja is more natural.

Yes, Polish word order is fairly flexible.

The neutral sentence is:

• Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę doniczkową.

But you could also hear:

• Przesadzam dzisiaj roślinę doniczkową.
• Roślinę doniczkową dzisiaj przesadzam.
• Dzisiaj roślinę doniczkową przesadzam.

These versions may sound more marked or emphasize different parts of the sentence.

Very roughly:

• Dzisiaj first = emphasis on today
• Roślinę doniczkową first = emphasis on the plant
• verb first can sound more conversational, depending on context

For a learner, the original order is a very good neutral choice.

Yes. Dzisiaj and dziś both mean today.

• Dzisiaj przesadzam roślinę doniczkową.
• Dziś przesadzam roślinę doniczkową.

Both are natural.
Dziś is simply shorter and slightly more compact in style.

Polish has no articles like a and the, so the sentence itself does not explicitly mark that distinction.

So roślinę doniczkową could mean:

• a potted plant
• the potted plant

The exact meaning depends on context.

For example:

• if you are just mentioning an activity, it may feel like a potted plant
• if both speakers already know which plant you mean, it may feel like the potted plant

A rough pronunciation guide:

• roślinę ≈ rosh-LEE-neh
• doniczkową ≈ do-neech-KO-von

A few useful points:

• ś is a soft sh-like sound
• cz sounds like English ch in chop, but harder
• ą at the end is often pronounced somewhat like om/on depending on context
• ę at the end is often less strongly nasal than learners expect

You do not need to pronounce ą and ę exactly like French nasal vowels. In real speech, their pronunciation shifts depending on position.

Yes, it is natural.

It clearly means that today you are engaged in the activity of repotting a houseplant/potted plant.

A native speaker might also say things like:

• Dzisiaj przesadzam kwiatka. = Today I’m repotting a flower/plant.
• Dzisiaj przesadzam rośliny doniczkowe. = Today I’m repotting houseplants.

But the original sentence is perfectly normal and grammatical.