Teraz mamy pewność.

• teraz = now
• mamy = we have
• pewność = certainty / confidence / assurance

So the sentence is literally Now we have certainty, but in natural English it often corresponds to Now we’re sure or Now we know for certain.

Mamy is the 1st person plural present-tense form of the verb mieć = to have.

So:

• mam = I have
• masz = you have
• ma = he/she/it has
• mamy = we have
• macie = you all have
• mają = they have

In this sentence, mamy tells you the subject is we, even though my is not stated.

In Polish, subject pronouns are often omitted because the verb ending already shows who is doing the action.

• mamy already means we have

So Teraz mamy pewność is completely natural.
You could say Teraz my mamy pewność, but that adds emphasis, as if contrasting we with someone else.

Both are correct, but they are slightly different in feel.

• mamy pewność = we have certainty / we are certain
• jesteśmy pewni = we are sure

Mamy pewność sounds a bit more like certainty has been established or obtained.
Jesteśmy pewni sounds a bit more directly descriptive.

In many contexts, both work:

• Teraz mamy pewność.
• Teraz jesteśmy pewni.

The first can sound a little more formal or more focused on the fact that certainty now exists.

It is in the accusative singular, because it is the direct object of mamy.

We are literally saying we have what? → pewność

A useful detail: for many feminine nouns ending in -ość or -ść, the accusative singular looks the same as the nominative singular.

So:

• nominative: pewność
• accusative: pewność

That is why the form does not change here.

Because pewność is a noun, while pewna / pewny / pewni are adjective forms.

• pewność = certainty
• pewny = certain / sure (masculine singular)
• pewna = certain / sure (feminine singular)
• pewni = certain / sure (masculine personal plural)

So:

• Mamy pewność = We have certainty
• Jesteśmy pewni = We are certain

Same general idea, different grammar.

Yes. Polish word order is more flexible than English word order, because grammatical roles are often shown by endings rather than position.

Teraz mamy pewność is a neutral, natural order.

Other possible orders include:

• Mamy teraz pewność
• Pewność mamy teraz

But changing the order changes the emphasis:

• Teraz mamy pewność emphasizes now
• Mamy teraz pewność is also natural, with slightly different rhythm
• Pewność mamy teraz is more marked and emphatic

For a learner, Teraz mamy pewność is the safest neutral version.

It is natural on its own, but very often Polish speakers continue it with że = that.

For example:

• Teraz mamy pewność, że to działa. = Now we know for sure that it works.
• Teraz mamy pewność, że miał rację. = Now we are certain that he was right.

Used by itself, Teraz mamy pewność can sound complete if the context already makes it clear certainty about what.

Usually yes, but like English now, it can refer either to:

• the present moment, or
• a new situation after some change

In Teraz mamy pewność, it often means something like:

• now, at this point
• now, after what happened
• now, finally

So it is often not just a time word, but also a signal that uncertainty existed before and has now ended.

A rough English-friendly approximation is PEV-noshch.

A few important points:

• w in Polish sounds like English v
• pew- sounds like pev-, not like English pew
• ś/ść gives a soft sound that does not exist exactly in English

A more phonetic version is:

• pewność ≈ PEV-noshch

You do not need perfect pronunciation right away, but it is important not to pronounce w like English w.

Not exactly.

• pewność is a noun: certainty
• na pewno is an adverbial expression: certainly / for sure

Compare:

• Mamy pewność. = We have certainty / We are sure.
• On na pewno przyjdzie. = He will definitely come.

They are related in meaning, but they are used differently in sentences.

It sounds natural and fairly neutral, but slightly more formal or deliberate than a very casual sentence like Teraz już wiemy = Now we know.

So:

• Teraz mamy pewność = neutral, a bit formal, clear, confident
• Teraz już wiemy = more everyday and conversational
• Teraz jesteśmy pewni = also natural and common

All three can fit many situations, but mamy pewność has a slightly more official or conclusive tone.