Likwidator szkód wyjaśnia udział własny i sumę ubezpieczenia.

Likwidator szkód is a two-word job title.

• likwidator = literally liquidator, but in insurance language it means a claims handler or claims adjuster
• szkód = of damages / of claims / of losses

So the whole phrase means something like claims adjuster.

Polish often forms job titles this way:

• operator maszyn = machine operator
• kierownik sklepu = store manager
• likwidator szkód = claims adjuster

The second noun often tells you what area the person deals with.

Because szkód is the genitive plural of szkoda.

You start with:

• singular: szkoda = damage, loss, claim
• plural nominative: szkody
• plural genitive: szkód

In likwidator szkód, the first noun likwidator is followed by a noun in the genitive to show what kind of adjuster this is: literally adjuster of claims/losses.

This pattern is very common in Polish.

It is in the nominative, because it is the subject of the sentence.

The main noun is:

• likwidator — nominative singular masculine

The dependent noun is:

• szkód — genitive plural, because it depends on likwidator

So the subject phrase is:

• Likwidator szkód = the claims adjuster

Wyjaśnia is the 3rd person singular present tense form of wyjaśniać.

So:

• ja wyjaśniam = I explain
• ty wyjaśniasz = you explain
• on/ona wyjaśnia = he/she explains

Here the subject is singular:

• Likwidator szkód = one claims adjuster

So the verb must also be singular:

• wyjaśnia

Also, wyjaśniać is an imperfective verb, which is normal for general present actions like explains.

Because udział własny is the direct object, and this noun phrase behaves in a way that makes the accusative look the same as the nominative.

• udział is a masculine inanimate noun
• for masculine inanimate nouns, the accusative singular is usually the same as the nominative singular

So:

• nominative: udział własny
• accusative: udział własny

That is why the form does not change after wyjaśnia.

In insurance, udział własny means deductible or own contribution/excess, depending on context.

Because this phrase is also a direct object, so suma has to go into the accusative singular.

• nominative: suma
• accusative: sumę

That is why the sentence has:

• sumę ubezpieczenia

Meanwhile, ubezpieczenia stays in the genitive because it depends on suma:

• suma ubezpieczenia = sum insured / insurance amount
• literally: sum of insurance

So the structure is:

• wyjaśnia
  • udział własny
    • i
      • sumę ubezpieczenia

It is genitive singular.

Base form:

• ubezpieczenie = insurance

Here it appears as:

• ubezpieczenia = of insurance

That is because it depends on suma:

• suma ubezpieczenia = sum of insurance, usually translated as sum insured or insured amount

So even though the whole phrase sumę ubezpieczenia is the object, only the first noun changes for accusative:

• suma → sumę
• ubezpieczenia stays genitive

Yes, Polish word order is more flexible than English, because the case endings show the grammatical roles.

The neutral order here is:

• Likwidator szkód wyjaśnia udział własny i sumę ubezpieczenia.

But you could also say:

• Udział własny i sumę ubezpieczenia wyjaśnia likwidator szkód.

That version puts more focus on what is being explained.

Even so, the original sentence sounds like the most straightforward, neutral way to say it.

Yes. In this sentence, i simply means and.

It joins two direct objects:

• udział własny
• sumę ubezpieczenia

So the adjuster explains both things.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

Likwidator szkód wyjaśnia udział własny i sumę ubezpieczenia
lee-kvee-DAH-tor shkoot vy-YASH-nya OO-jyaw VWAHS-nih ee SOO-men oo-behz-pyeh-CHEH-nya

A few useful points:

• szkód: szk is a heavy consonant cluster; the ó sounds like u
• wyjaśnia: the ś is a soft sh-like sound
• udział: the dzia part is tricky; the ł sounds like English w
• własny: ł again sounds like w
• ubezpieczenia: cz sounds like English ch

Because Polish does not have articles like a or the.

So:

• likwidator szkód can mean a claims adjuster or the claims adjuster
• udział własny can mean a deductible or the deductible

Which one is meant depends on context. In many translations into English, the is added because it sounds natural:

• The claims adjuster explains the deductible and the sum insured.

No, but it is a very natural one.

Wyjaśniać means to explain / clarify. Other possible verbs might be:

• omawia = discusses
• tłumaczy = explains
• przedstawia = presents

But wyjaśnia suggests that the adjuster is making these terms clear to someone, which fits the insurance context well.