Klageskjemaet har saksnummeret.

Because both nouns are definite singular neuter nouns.

• skjema = form

• skjemaet = the form

• nummer = number
• nummeret = the number

In Norwegian, the definite article is usually attached to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word like the in English.

So:

• klageskjemaet = the complaint form
• saksnummeret = the case number

The base form is klageskjema.

This is a compound noun:

• klage = complaint
• skjema = form

Together, klageskjema means complaint form.

Then the ending -et is added to make it definite:

• klageskjema = a complaint form
• klageskjemaet = the complaint form

This is very common in Norwegian: instead of using two separate words, Norwegian often combines them into one compound noun.

Because Norwegian usually writes compound nouns as one word.

• sak = case
• nummer = number
• saksnummer = case number

Then:

• saksnummeret = the case number

Notice that sak becomes saks- inside the compound. That extra -s- is a very common linking sound/letter in Norwegian compounds. It does not always appear, but when it does, you usually just have to learn the compound as a whole.

So not:

• sak nummer

but:

• saksnummer

That -s- is a common compound linker in Norwegian.

Many compound nouns use an extra s between the first and second part:

• saksnummer
• arbeidsplass
• livsglede

There is not always a simple rule that predicts it perfectly. Sometimes it reflects older grammar, and sometimes it is just the established form. For learners, the safest approach is to learn the compound as a vocabulary item.

So here:

• sak
  • nummer → saksnummer

Because Norwegian usually expresses definiteness by adding an ending to the noun.

Compare:

• et skjema = a form

• skjemaet = the form

• et nummer = a number
• nummeret = the number

This is one of the biggest differences from English. English uses a separate word, the. Norwegian usually uses a suffix.

Sometimes Norwegian can use both a separate determiner and a definite noun ending, but that happens in other patterns, such as:

• det store skjemaet = the big form

That is called double definiteness, but it does not apply in your sentence because there is no adjective.

Har is the present tense of å ha = to have.

So:

• jeg har = I have
• du har = you have
• klageskjemaet har = the complaint form has

Norwegian verbs do not change for person the way English verbs do. The form har stays the same with different subjects.

Compare:

• Jeg har
• Du har
• Han har
• Vi har

Because this is a normal declarative main clause in Norwegian, and the basic pattern is:

subject + verb + object

Here:

• Klageskjemaet = subject
• har = verb
• saksnummeret = object

So the sentence structure is very straightforward.

This is similar to English word order:

• The complaint form
  • has
    • the case number

Both skjema and nummer are neuter nouns.

That is why they take:

• the indefinite article et
• the definite ending -et

So:

• et skjema → skjemaet
• et nummer → nummeret

Even though klage by itself is often feminine or masculine depending on usage, the gender of the whole compound klageskjema is determined by the last part, which is skjema. That is an important rule for Norwegian compounds.

Likewise:

• saksnummer gets its gender from nummer

Yes, grammatically you could, if you mean a complaint form has a case number in a more general sense.

The difference is definiteness:

• Klageskjemaet har saksnummeret = the complaint form has the case number
• Et klageskjema har et saksnummer = a complaint form has a case number

So the original sentence is talking about a specific form and a specific case number.

Whether both nouns should be definite depends on context. In real usage, Norwegian speakers often choose definiteness based on what has already been mentioned or what is understood from the situation.

Yes. Since it is one word, it is pronounced as one unit: klageskjemaet.

That is true for Norwegian compounds in general. Even if the word is made of several parts in meaning, it behaves like one word in writing and pronunciation.

A learner should especially notice that:

• the stress usually falls earlier in the compound than an English speaker might expect
• the definite ending -et is unstressed

You do not need to pronounce each part as if it were a separate word.

Very often, yes. Norwegian strongly prefers compound nouns where English often uses noun + noun combinations.

English:

• complaint form
• case number

Norwegian:

• klageskjema
• saksnummer

This is one of the most important habits for English speakers to build when learning Norwegian: if English has two nouns together, Norwegian often writes them as one word.

Because Norwegian does not need a possessive structure here. It simply uses the verb har.

So instead of saying something like:

• the complaint form’s case number

the sentence says:

• the complaint form has the case number

That is often the more natural and simpler way to express the relationship in Norwegian.

If you did want a possessive-like idea in other contexts, Norwegian has other ways to express it, but in this sentence har is the straightforward choice.