Skjønt den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken, undersøker databehandleren tilgangsloggen.

Here skjønt means although, though, or even though.

It introduces a subordinate clause:

• Skjønt den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken = although the controller decides the case

It is a correct and perfectly normal word, but it sounds a bit more formal or written than everyday selv om. In casual speech, many speakers would more naturally say:

• Selv om den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken, undersøker databehandleren tilgangsloggen.

So skjønt is not wrong at all, but it has a slightly more formal/literary feel.

This is because the two expressions are built differently.

• den behandlingsansvarlige uses behandlingsansvarlig as an adjective-like word functioning as a noun
• databehandleren is an ordinary noun with the definite ending -en

So:

• behandlingsansvarlig = controller / responsible party
• den behandlingsansvarlige = the controller

But:

• databehandler = processor
• databehandleren = the processor

A simple way to think about it is:

• adjective-like noun → often den + -e
• ordinary noun → usually just add the definite ending

Because this is the definite form of an adjective-like word used as a noun.

The base form is:

• behandlingsansvarlig

When it refers to a specific person or entity, Norwegian uses:

• den behandlingsansvarlige

That -e ending is the same kind of definite ending you see in adjectives in phrases like:

• den store bilen = the big car
• den ansvarlige = the responsible one / the responsible party

So den behandlingsansvarlige literally works a bit like the responsible one for the processing.

This is one of the most important grammar points in the sentence.

The first clause is a subordinate clause introduced by skjønt:

• Skjønt den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken

In subordinate clauses, Norwegian usually keeps normal subject + verb order:

• den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør

The second clause is the main clause:

• undersøker databehandleren tilgangsloggen

Here the word order looks inverted because Norwegian main clauses follow the V2 rule: the finite verb must come in the second position.

Since the whole subordinate clause comes first, it takes the first position in the sentence. That means the finite verb of the main clause must come before the subject:

• Skjønt ..., undersøker databehandleren ...

If you started with the main clause instead, you would get normal subject-first order:

• Databehandleren undersøker tilgangsloggen, skjønt den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken.

So the inversion happens because the sentence starts with a subordinate clause.

They are both in the present tense.

• avgjør = decides / determines / settles
• undersøker = investigates / examines

Their infinitive forms are:

• å avgjøre
• å undersøke

Norwegian present tense is often quite simple compared with English. The same form can correspond to English decides, is deciding, examines, or is examining, depending on context.

Because Norwegian very often uses the definite form when talking about a specific, known thing.

• sak = case, matter

• saken = the case, the matter

• databehandler = processor

• databehandleren = the processor

• tilgangslogg = access log
• tilgangsloggen = the access log

In this sentence, these are not just any case, any processor, or any log. They are understood as specific ones, so Norwegian uses the definite form.

Also note that the definite article is usually attached as an ending:

• -en
• -a
• -et

depending on the noun.

Because ordinary definite nouns in Norwegian usually do not need a separate word for the.

So:

• databehandleren already means the processor
• saken already means the case
• tilgangsloggen already means the access log

You would normally add den only in special situations, for example with an adjective:

• den nye databehandleren = the new processor

or for emphasis/contrast:

• den databehandleren = that processor / that particular processor

So in the sentence as written, databehandleren by itself is exactly what Norwegian normally wants.

Yes. Norwegian makes very heavy use of compound words, and they are usually written as one word.

Here are the main ones:

• behandlingsansvarlig = behandling
  • linking s
    • ansvarlig
• databehandler = data
  • behandler
• tilgangslogg = tilgang
  • logg

This is very common in Norwegian, especially in formal, technical, and legal language.

For English speakers, one useful habit is to look for the parts inside a long Norwegian word. That often makes it much easier to understand.

Because the sentence begins with a subordinate clause, and Norwegian normally separates that from the main clause with a comma.

So the structure is:

• subordinate clause: Skjønt den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken
• main clause: undersøker databehandleren tilgangsloggen

The comma helps show that boundary clearly.

This is especially common and expected in formal written Norwegian.

Yes. In most contexts, that would work very well.

• Skjønt den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken, undersøker databehandleren tilgangsloggen.
• Selv om den behandlingsansvarlige avgjør saken, undersøker databehandleren tilgangsloggen.

Both mean essentially the same thing.

The main difference is style:

• skjønt = somewhat more formal, literary, or written
• selv om = more neutral and common in everyday Norwegian

So if you are learning everyday Norwegian first, selv om is probably the more useful expression to remember.