Likestrømmen går til batteriet.

Because Norwegian usually writes compound nouns as a single word.

So:

• like
  • strøm = likestrøm
• literally, this is the technical term for direct current

This is very normal in Norwegian. English often separates or hyphenates things that Norwegian joins into one word.

Also, in Norwegian compounds, the last part is the main noun. Here the main noun is strøm, so that controls the gender and the inflection.

The ending -en is the definite article attached to the noun.

• likestrøm = direct current
• likestrømmen = the direct current

So instead of using a separate word like English the, Norwegian often adds the definite article to the end of the noun.

Because Norwegian usually puts definiteness directly on the noun.

Compare:

• a battery = et batteri
• the battery = batteriet

and:

• direct current = likestrøm
• the direct current = likestrømmen

So -en and -et are already doing the job of English the.

Because batteri is a neuter noun.

Its forms are:

• et batteri = a battery
• batteriet = the battery

Very roughly:

• many common-gender nouns take -en in the definite singular
• neuter nouns often take -et

So:

• likestrømmen has -en
• batteriet has -et

because the two nouns belong to different genders.

Går is the present tense of gå, which often means go or walk.

But in Norwegian, just like in English, verbs of movement are often used more broadly. With things like electricity, water, signals, roads, cables, and routes, gå can mean something like:

• go
• run
• pass
• flow depending on context

So in this sentence, går does not mean the current is literally walking. It is a natural way to say that the current goes/runs to the battery.

Yes, depending on style and context.

For example, flyter can mean flows, and that may sound more physically descriptive. But går is very common and idiomatic in technical or everyday descriptions of how something travels or is directed.

So går here is not strange at all. It is a normal, natural choice.

Til means to or toward.

So:

• til batteriet = to the battery

It shows the destination of the current.

If you changed the preposition, the meaning would change too. For example, a phrase meaning in/inside the battery would focus more on location than direction. But til batteriet tells you where the current is going.

This is the normal word order for a simple statement:

• Likestrømmen = subject
• går = verb
• til batteriet = prepositional phrase showing direction

So it follows the basic pattern:

Subject + Verb + Other information

However, Norwegian also follows the V2 rule, which means the finite verb usually stays in the second position in main clauses.

For example, you could also say:

• Til batteriet går likestrømmen.

That sounds more marked or literary, but the verb går still stays in second position.

Because the sentence is talking about a specific current, not just the idea of direct current in general.

Compare:

• likestrøm = direct current, in a general or indefinite sense
• likestrømmen = the direct current, a specific one already understood from the context

Likewise:

• et batteri = a battery
• batteriet = the battery

In real usage, whether Norwegian chooses the definite or indefinite form depends on context, just like English chooses between a and the.

Yes. Likestrøm is the standard Norwegian term for direct current (DC).

The opposite is:

• vekselstrøm = alternating current (AC)

So if a learner sees likestrøm, it is useful to connect it directly with DC.

It would change the meaning slightly.

For example:

• Likestrøm går til et batteri.

That would mean something more like direct current goes to a battery, which sounds more general or less tied to a specific situation.

The original sentence:

• Likestrømmen går til batteriet.

sounds like both the current and the battery are specific and known in the context.

Literally, til means to/toward.

In context, if electrical current is being directed into a battery, English may naturally understand this as to the battery or even into the battery, depending on what the speaker wants to emphasize.

If Norwegian wanted to stress movement into the inside of the battery more explicitly, it could use something stronger, such as a phrase with inn i. But til batteriet is perfectly normal when the important point is simply the destination.