Toget kjører sørover.

Because toget is the definite singular form of tog.

• et tog = a train
• toget = the train

Norwegian usually puts the definite article at the end of the noun instead of using a separate word like the.

Also, tog is a neuter noun, so it takes:

• et in the indefinite singular
• -et in the definite singular

So toget literally shows both the noun and the idea of the at the same time.

In Norwegian, the definite article is often attached to the noun as a suffix.

So instead of a separate word, you get:

• toget = the train
• bilen = the car
• huset = the house

This is one of the first big differences English speakers notice.

Kjører is the present tense of å kjøre.

So:

• å kjøre = the infinitive
• kjører = present tense

A useful thing for English speakers: Norwegian verbs do not change for person.

• jeg kjører
• du kjører
• toget kjører
• vi kjører

It is always kjører in the present tense.

This is a very natural question for English speakers.

Å kjøre can mean drive, but in Norwegian it is also used more broadly for movement by vehicle or for a vehicle operating/moving.

So with a train, kjører can mean something like:

• runs
• goes
• is traveling

It does not mean the train is literally sitting behind the wheel like a person driving a car. It is just normal Norwegian usage for vehicles and transport.

Yes, absolutely.

Toget går sørover is also very natural Norwegian. In many contexts, går is actually very common for trains, buses, and routes.

A rough difference is:

• kjører focuses more on the vehicle moving/operating
• går is very common for transport in general, especially routes, departures, and schedules

So both can work, but the nuance can shift a little depending on context.

Because Norwegian usually does not need a separate progressive form like English is going or is driving.

The simple present tense often covers both ideas:

• Toget kjører sørover can mean The train goes south or The train is going south
• context tells you which meaning is intended

English uses the progressive a lot more than Norwegian does.

Sørover is a directional adverb. It means southward or in a southerly direction.

It is built from:

• sør = south
• -over = a directional element often used in words like this

So sørover describes movement toward the south, not just location.

Because sørover emphasizes direction of movement.

Compare the ideas:

• sør = south
• sørover = southward / heading south

So in a sentence about motion, sørover is the natural choice.

You can think of it like this:

• Toget er i sør. = the train is in the south
• Toget kjører sørover. = the train is moving southward

Not necessarily.

Sørover mainly tells you the direction, not the final destination. It means the train is moving toward the south or in a southerly direction.

So it does not have to mean it is going to some final place called the south. It only tells you which way it is headed.

Yes. It is normally written as one word.

This is common with Norwegian directional adverbs:

• nordover = northward
• sørover = southward
• østover = eastward
• vestover = westward

English speakers sometimes want to split these up, but in Norwegian they are usually written together.

The word order is very straightforward:

• Toget = subject
• kjører = verb
• sørover = adverb of direction

So the pattern is:

subject + verb + directional adverb

This is the normal word order for a basic statement.

You put ikke after the verb:

Toget kjører ikke sørover.

That is the normal placement in a simple main clause:

• subject
• verb
• ikke
• other information

You usually put the verb before the subject:

Kjører toget sørover?

This is a standard yes/no question pattern in Norwegian:

• Kjører toget sørover? = Is the train going south?

Yes. The present tense in Norwegian can cover both.

Depending on context, Toget kjører sørover could mean:

• the train is currently heading south
• the train runs southbound
• the train goes south on this route

Context usually makes it clear whether it is about a current action or a general/scheduled one.

Two things often feel tricky for English speakers:

• kj in kjører
• ø in kjører and sørover

A few quick notes:

• ø is a vowel English does not really have; it is somewhere in the area of the vowel in French deux or German schön
• kj is a soft sound that many learners find hard at first

You do not need perfect pronunciation immediately, but both sounds are worth practicing early because they appear in many common Norwegian words.