Løsningen er midlertidig.

Because -en is the definite ending.

• en løsning = a solution
• løsningen = the solution

In Norwegian, definiteness is often built into the noun itself instead of being shown by a separate word like the.

The dictionary form is løsning.

It is a noun, and it comes from the verb å løse, which means to solve. So løsning is literally a solution or way of solving something.

No. In løsningen, the ending -en already gives the meaning of the.

So:

• løsningen = the solution

A separate definite word such as den is not used here.

Er is the present tense of å være, which means to be.

So:

• jeg er = I am
• du er = you are
• han/hun er = he/she is
• løsningen er = the solution is

Unlike English, Norwegian uses the same present-tense form er for all persons.

Here midlertidig is a predicate adjective, because it comes after er and describes the subject løsningen.

With a singular common-gender noun like løsningen, the basic adjective form is used:

• Løsningen er midlertidig.

That is why you do not see -e here.

Yes, adjectives can change depending on number, and sometimes gender.

For this adjective:

• singular: Løsningen er midlertidig.
• plural: Løsningene er midlertidige.

A useful detail: many adjectives ending in -ig do not add an extra -t in the neuter singular, so the form often stays the same there too.

Yes, but that means something slightly different in structure.

• Løsningen er midlertidig. = a full sentence
• Den midlertidige løsningen = a noun phrase meaning the temporary solution

So the first one says something about the solution.
The second one just names the temporary solution.

The word order is very straightforward:

subject + verb + complement

• Løsningen = subject
• er = verb
• midlertidig = complement/adjective

This is normal Norwegian main-clause word order. Since the subject comes first, the verb comes second, which also fits the Norwegian verb-second pattern.

The most important thing for an English speaker is the vowel ø.

A rough guide:

• ø is somewhat like the vowel in British English bird, but with rounded lips
• løsningen is roughly LØS-ning-en

The exact pronunciation varies by dialect, but learning the ø sound is the main challenge here.

Usually yes. It is the normal word for something that is not permanent and is meant to last only for a limited time.

However, depending on context, English temporary can sometimes overlap with words like foreløpig, which often means provisional, for now, or so far.

So midlertidig is a very good match for temporary, but context can matter.