Kontrollrapporten viser bærekonstruksjonen.

Because both nouns are singular definite nouns of the common gender in Norwegian.

In English, you usually put the before the noun:

• the report
• the structure

In Norwegian, the definite article is often attached to the end of the noun instead:

• en kontrollrapport = a control report

• kontrollrapporten = the control report

• en konstruksjon = a structure
• konstruksjonen = the structure

So:

• kontrollrapporten = the inspection/control report
• bærekonstruksjonen = the load-bearing structure

Because Norwegian usually expresses definiteness by adding an ending to the noun.

So instead of:

• the report

Norwegian often says:

• rapporten

This is one of the first big differences from English. In this sentence, both nouns are definite, so both get the definite ending:

• Kontrollrapporten
• bærekonstruksjonen

A separate determiner like den is not needed here.

Viser is the present tense of the verb å vise, which usually means to show.

Examples:

• å vise = to show
• viser = shows / is showing

In Norwegian, the present tense form is the same for all persons:

• jeg viser = I show
• du viser = you show
• han/hun viser = he/she shows

So in this sentence:

• Kontrollrapporten viser bærekonstruksjonen
  means The inspection report shows the load-bearing structure.

This sentence has the normal basic word order for a simple statement:

subject + verb + object

• Kontrollrapporten = subject
• viser = verb
• bærekonstruksjonen = object

So it follows the same basic pattern as English:

• The report shows the structure

Norwegian main clauses often follow the V2 rule (the finite verb is in second position), but here that just results in the ordinary-looking pattern:

• Kontrollrapporten | viser | bærekonstruksjonen

It is a compound noun, which is very common in Norwegian.

You can break it down like this:

• bære = carry / bear
• konstruksjon = construction / structure
• -en = the

So bærekonstruksjonen literally contains the idea of a bearing structure, meaning a load-bearing structure or supporting structure.

Norwegian often builds longer nouns by joining smaller words together. This is very normal and something learners get used to over time.

In Norwegian compounds, verbs usually appear without the infinitive marker å.

So:

• å bære = to carry / to bear

But inside a compound, you use just the stem/base form:

• bærekonstruksjon

This is similar to how English uses stems in compounds:

• load-bearing wall
• drinking water
• washing machine

So bære is functioning as part of the compound noun, not as a separate verb.

You mainly know from word order.

In a normal Norwegian statement:

• the noun before the verb is usually the subject
• the noun after the verb is usually the object

So here:

• Kontrollrapporten comes before viser, so it is the subject
• bærekonstruksjonen comes after viser, so it is the object

That gives:

• The inspection report = the thing doing the showing
• the load-bearing structure = the thing being shown

Yes, very often it can.

Norwegian present tense is commonly used in places where English might use either:

• shows
• is showing

So depending on context:

• Kontrollrapporten viser bærekonstruksjonen
  can be understood as
• The inspection report shows the load-bearing structure or sometimes
• The inspection report is showing the load-bearing structure

In most cases, the simple English present shows is the best translation here.

Yes. Kontrollrapport is another compound noun:

• kontroll = inspection / check / control
• rapport = report

So:

• kontrollrapport = inspection report or control report
• kontrollrapporten = the inspection report

Norwegian uses compounds very freely, much more than English in some cases. A learner should expect to see many nouns built this way.

A basic indefinite version would be:

• En kontrollrapport viser en bærekonstruksjon.

That means:

• An inspection report shows a load-bearing structure.

Compare:

Definite

• Kontrollrapporten viser bærekonstruksjonen.
• The inspection report shows the load-bearing structure.

Indefinite

• En kontrollrapport viser en bærekonstruksjon.
• An inspection report shows a load-bearing structure.

This contrast is useful because it shows clearly how Norwegian switches between:

• a separate article for indefinite nouns: en
• a suffix for definite nouns: -en

The letter æ is a separate letter in Norwegian, not just a spelling variation.

In bære, æ is pronounced somewhat like the vowel in English cat, though not exactly the same in every accent.

So:

• bære sounds roughly like BEH-reh or BAE-reh, with two syllables

A few helpful points:

• æ is always written as æ, not ae in normal Norwegian spelling
• it is a very common vowel in Norwegian
• English speakers often need practice to avoid replacing it with a plain a or e

Yes, but the meaning or emphasis may change.

For example, Norwegian can move another element to the front, but then the verb still stays in second position because of the V2 rule.

In this very short sentence there is not much to move, so the original version is the most natural:

• Kontrollrapporten viser bærekonstruksjonen.

If you turned it into a question, the verb would come before the subject:

• Viser kontrollrapporten bærekonstruksjonen?
• Does the inspection report show the load-bearing structure?

So yes, the order can change in certain structures, but the original sentence is the normal declarative pattern.