Resit itu sudah dihantar melalui emel.

That receipt has already been sent via email.

Breakdown of Resit itu sudah dihantar melalui emel.

• itu: that
• sudah: already
• emel: the email
• resit: the receipt
• melalui: via
• dihantar: to be sent

Questions & Answers about Resit itu sudah dihantar melalui emel.

Why is it resit itu, not itu resit?

In Malay, the demonstrative itu (that/the) usually comes after the noun it modifies:

• resit itu = that receipt / the receipt
• rumah itu = that house / the house
• budak itu = that kid / the kid

When itu comes after the noun, it often works like English “the” or “that (specific one)”.

Putting itu before the noun (itu resit) is possible but sounds more like you’re pointing something out with emphasis, for example:

• Itu resit, bukan bil. = That (thing) is a receipt, not a bill.

So in your sentence, resit itu means “that specific receipt / the receipt we’re talking about”, which is the natural order.

What exactly does itu mean here? Is it “that” or “the”?

Itu is literally “that”, but in real usage it often functions like English “the” when:

• both speaker and listener know which item is meant, and
• it comes after the noun (resit itu, rumah itu, etc.).

So resit itu can be translated as:

• “that receipt” (more literal), or
• “the receipt” (more natural in many contexts).

Malay doesn’t have a separate word for “the”, so itu often fills that role.

What does sudah do here? Is it like “already” or like “has been”?

Sudah marks the action as completed. It is closest to “already”, but in many contexts it also covers the English present perfect idea (“has been sent”).

In your sentence:

• sudah dihantar ≈ “has been sent” / “was already sent”.

So sudah:

• emphasizes completion of the action,
• can often be translated as “already”, “has/have (done)”, or even past tense depending on context.

You could drop sudah and still be understood, but you’d lose the clear emphasis that the sending is already completed.

What’s the difference between sudah, telah, and dah?

All three relate to a completed action:

• sudah – neutral, very common in both spoken and written Malay.

  • Resit itu sudah dihantar.

• telah – more formal / written; very common in official letters, news, reports.

  • Resit itu telah dihantar.

• dah – informal / colloquial, basically a shortened spoken form of sudah.

  • Resit tu dah dihantar.

Meaning-wise they’re very similar; the main difference is formality and style, not grammar.

What does the di- in dihantar mean?

Di- is the standard passive voice prefix in Malay.

• Base verb: hantar = to send
• Passive form: di + hantar → dihantar = to be sent

So dihantar literally means “be sent / is sent / was sent / has been sent” depending on context.

In your sentence:

• sudah dihantar = “has been sent / was sent (already)”

Why is there no subject like “we” or “I” in the sentence?

Malay often uses an agentless passive when the doer is:

• obvious from context, or
• not important.

So instead of saying:

• Kami sudah menghantar resit itu melalui emel.
  (We have sent the receipt by email.)

you can say:

• Resit itu sudah dihantar melalui emel.
  (The receipt has been sent by email.)

This focuses on the result (the receipt has been sent) rather than on who sent it. This is very natural and common in Malay.

What would the active-voice version of this sentence look like?

A natural active version would add a subject and change the verb:

• Kami sudah menghantar resit itu melalui emel.
  = We have sent the receipt via email.

Breakdown:

• kami = we (excluding the listener)
• sudah = already / has
• menghantar = to send (active form)
• resit itu = that/the receipt
• melalui emel = via email

So:

• passive: Resit itu sudah dihantar…
• active: Kami sudah menghantar resit itu…

Can I say Resit sudah dihantar melalui emel without itu?

Yes, that’s grammatically fine, but the nuance changes slightly:

• Resit itu sudah dihantar…
  → That specific receipt / the receipt (we both know about) has been sent.

• Resit sudah dihantar…
  → A receipt / the receipt (more general) has been sent.

Without itu, it feels a bit less definite/specific, though context often makes it clear anyway. With itu, you strongly signal “that particular receipt we were talking about.”

Why use melalui here? Could I say dengan emel or oleh emel?

Melalui literally means “through / via”, so it’s the most natural choice for communication channels:

• melalui emel = via email
• melalui telefon = over the phone
• melalui pos = by post

Alternatives:

• dengan emel – literally “with email”; understandable but less natural in this context.
• oleh emel – sounds wrong; oleh is mainly used for agents in passive sentences (e.g. ditulis oleh Ali = written by Ali), not for tools/channels like email.

So the natural phrase is melalui emel (= via email).

Is emel the same as English “email”? Why not email or e-mel?

Yes, emel is just the Malay spelling of “email”.

• Official/standard Malay: emel
• You may also see: e-mel (older official spelling), or even email in informal writing influenced by English.

In exams, textbooks, and formal writing, emel is the safest and most standard choice.

Is Resit itu sudah dihantar melalui emel formal or informal?

The sentence is neutral to slightly formal:

• Uses sudah (neutral) instead of dah (informal).
• Uses the di- passive and no colloquial contractions.
• Uses standard spelling (itu, emel).

A more informal spoken version might be:

• Resit tu dah hantar melalui email.
  (dropping di-, shortening itu → tu, sudah → dah, and using English spelling email)

Your original sentence would fit well in emails, messages to customers, or written notices where a polite, standard tone is needed.

What’s the difference between resit, bil, and invois?

All three relate to payments, but they’re used differently:

• resit = receipt

  • Proof that payment has already been made.
  • Often shows date, amount, and that the money was received.

• bil = bill

  • A statement of what you owe.
  • Given before payment, asking you to pay.

• invois = invoice

  • More formal/business version of a bill.
  • Used in corporate or accounting contexts.

So in your sentence, resit itu is specifically the receipt, i.e. the proof of payment that has been sent to someone.

Could the sentence mean “The receipt was sent by email” (simple past) as well as “has been sent by email” (present perfect)?

Yes. Malay verbs don’t change form for tense like English does.

• Resit itu sudah dihantar melalui emel.

can be translated as:

• “The receipt has been sent by email.” (present perfect), or
• “The receipt was sent by email.” (simple past).

Context decides which English tense feels more natural, but the Malay sentence itself covers both ideas: it simply says the sending is already completed.