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Questions & Answers about Saya cuci tangan sebelum makan.
What does saya mean in this sentence?
Saya is the first-person singular pronoun in Malay, equivalent to “I” (or “me”) in English. It indicates the speaker.
What does cuci mean, and is it a transitive or intransitive verb?
Cuci means “to wash.” It is a transitive verb, so it normally takes a direct object (in this case tangan).
Why is there no possessive particle before tangan? How do we know whose hands are being washed?
Malay often omits a possessive pronoun when the owner is clear from context. Since the subject saya (“I”) is doing the washing, tangan (“hands”) is understood as “my hands” without an explicit possessive.
Why isn’t there a tense marker like “will” or “am” before cuci?
Malay verbs do not change form for tense. Time is usually inferred from context or added with words like akan (future), sedang (continuous), or telah/ sudah (past). Here, the default is a general or habitual action.
What is the role of sebelum in the sentence?
Sebelum means “before” and functions as a subordinating conjunction. It introduces the clause makan, linking two actions in time.
Why does makan appear without a subject or object?
In subordinate clauses introduced by conjunctions like sebelum, Malay often drops a repeated subject. Here, makan (“eat”) means “(I) eat,” understood from the main clause.
What is the basic word order in this sentence?
The sentence follows Malay’s typical Subject–Verb–Object (SVO) order: Saya (Subject) cuci (Verb) tangan (Object), then the adverbial clause sebelum makan.
Could you make this sentence passive? If so, how?
Yes. To focus on tangan, you can say: Tangan saya dicuci sebelum makan. Here, dicuci is the passive form of cuci, and saya becomes the agent after the object.