Breakdown of Untuk menghadapi kemungkinan bencana, sistem keselamatan baru dipasang.
baru
new
untuk
to
menghadapi
to face
kemungkinan
the possibility
bencana
the disaster
sistem
the system
keselamatan
the safety
dipasang
to be installed
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Questions & Answers about Untuk menghadapi kemungkinan bencana, sistem keselamatan baru dipasang.
What is the function of untuk in this sentence, and could I replace it with supaya or agar?
- Untuk
- verb-infinitive expresses purpose: Untuk menghadapi… means “in order to face…”.
- Supaya and agar also convey purpose but require a full clause (often with dapat/boleh for “can”):
• Agar kita dapat menghadapi kemungkinan bencana, sistem keselamatan baru dipasang.
• Supaya kita dapat menghadapi kemungkinan bencana, sistem keselamatan baru dipasang. - You cannot simply swap untuk menghadapi with supaya menghadapi or agar menghadapi without adjusting the structure (you’d need dapat or a subject).
How is the word menghadapi formed? What roles do the me- prefix and -i suffix play?
- Root: hadap (face).
- Prefix me- (actor focus) turns a noun or root into an active verb.
- Suffix -i (object focus) indicates the action is directed at something.
- Assimilation rule: me- + hadap → menghadap (the initial h is dropped) → add -i → menghadapi = “to face” or “to confront”.
Why is dipasang in passive form, and how does the di- prefix work with Malay verbs?
- dipasang = passive of pasang (install).
- di- prefix marks passive voice (“is/was installed”).
- No agent is mentioned, which is common when the doer is unknown or unimportant.
- Active counterpart: memasang (to install). Example: Mereka memasang sistem itu.
What does kemungkinan bencana mean literally, and why is kemungkinan placed before bencana?
- kemungkinan = possibility/likelihood (noun)
- bencana = disaster (noun)
- Together they form a noun phrase: “the possibility of disaster” or “possible disaster(s)”.
- Malay often strings nouns this way: modifier first, head noun second. So kemungkinan bencana = “disaster possibility”.
Does baru modify the noun sistem keselamatan or the verb dipasang? How can I make the meaning clear?
- In sistem keselamatan baru dipasang, baru most directly attaches to dipasang, giving “just installed” or “newly installed”.
- If you want to stress “new safety system,” say sistem keselamatan yang baru dipasang (“the safety system that was newly installed”) or sistem keselamatan baru (“a new safety system”).
Could you give me a word-by-word translation of the sentence?
• Untuk = in order to / for
• menghadapi = face / confront
• kemungkinan = possibility / potential
• bencana = disaster
• sistem = system
• keselamatan = safety
• baru = new / just
• dipasang = installed (passive)
Full gloss: “In order to confront the possibility of disaster, a new safety system was installed.”
How could this sentence be rewritten in active voice in Malay?
Example active-voice versions:
• Pihak berkuasa memasang sistem keselamatan baru untuk menghadapi kemungkinan bencana.
• Mereka memasang sistem keselamatan baru agar kita dapat menghadapi kemungkinan bencana.
In these versions you explicitly name the doer (pihak berkuasa, mereka).