Learn Hardcore Malay: Penerbangan seterusnya dijangka berlepas pada petang ini. - The next flight is expected to depart this afternoon.

Dijangka is the passive form of the verb root jangka (to estimate or to expect). The prefix di- makes it passive, so dijangka means “is expected” (by unspecified people). It turns the clause into an impersonal passive construction similar to “It is expected that…”.

What does Penerbangan mean, and how is it formed?

Penerbangan means “flight.” It’s a noun built from the verb terbang (to fly) with the affixes pe-…-an, which nominalize the action. So penerbangan literally refers to “the act of flying,” i.e., a flight.

Why is seterusnya placed after penerbangan, and what does it mean?

Seterusnya means “next” or “following.” In Malay, modifiers like seterusnya usually come after the noun they describe. Thus penerbangan seterusnya literally reads “flight next,” equivalent to “the next flight.”

Could we include the relative pronoun yang before seterusnya, like penerbangan yang seterusnya?

Yes, you can say penerbangan yang seterusnya, which is slightly more formal. However, Malay often omits yang when the modifier is short or obvious, so penerbangan seterusnya is perfectly natural and more concise.

What does berlepas mean, and how does it differ from berangkat?

Berlepas is an intransitive verb meaning “to depart,” usually for flights or ships. Berangkat also means “to depart” but is more general and often used for people or land transport. So you’d say penerbangan berlepas (the flight departs), while a traveler might say saya berangkat (I depart).

Why is the preposition pada used before petang ini, and can it be omitted?

Pada marks a time expression, similar to “at” or “on” in English. It’s standard to say pada petang ini, pada hari Isnin, etc. In casual speech you might drop pada (Petang ini dijangka berlepas), but including it is more formal and unambiguous.

What is the role of ini after petang, and how do demonstratives work here?

Ini is a proximal demonstrative meaning “this.” Placed after a noun, it specifies “this [noun].” So petang ini = “this evening.” If you wanted to say “later this evening,” you could add nanti (“Petang ini nanti”), but ini alone ties it to the current day.

Can we add akan to emphasize the future, as in dijangka akan berlepas, or is it redundant?

You can say dijangka akan berlepas to explicitly mark the future (“is expected will depart”), but it’s often redundant because dijangka already implies a future event. Both forms are correct, though dijangka berlepas is more concise.