Saya perlukan latihan renang supaya badan saya sihat.

In Malay, perlukan is the transitive form “to need something,” which takes a direct object (in this case, latihan renang).

• Perlu is an intransitive adjective or modal verb meaning “necessary” or “need to do [verb].” You can say Saya perlu tidur (“I need to sleep”), but you wouldn’t normally follow perlu directly with a noun.
• Perlukan (“need [noun]”) lets you express “I need X” where X is a noun.

Both mean “to need,” but they differ in formality and morphology:

• Memerlukan is the standard active form with the prefix me- and typically sounds more formal.
• Perlukan is a colloquial or less marked form (root plus -kan suffix) and is very common in everyday speech.
  You can swap them in most contexts:
  • Formal: Saya memerlukan latihan renang…
  • Informal: Saya perlukan latihan renang…

Each phrase has a subtle nuance:

• Latihan renang = “swimming training” (structured lessons or coaching)
• Belajar renang = “learn to swim” (focusing on the learning process)
• Berlatih renang = “practice swimming” (emphasizing repeated practice)
  Using latihan renang suggests formal sessions with a coach or instructor.

Supaya introduces a purpose clause equivalent to “so that”:
• Saya perlukan latihan renang supaya badan saya sihat.

• Untuk
  • verb/noun often indicates purpose, but it can only attach to a verb root or noun: untuk sihat, untuk belajar.
• Agar is interchangeable with supaya but is slightly more formal or literary.
  Use supaya/agar when you want a full clause (subject + verb) to express purpose.

Here renang functions as a noun meaning “swimming.”

• As a verb, you’d say berenang (“to swim”).
• As a noun, renang pairs with latihan (training) to mean “swimming training.”